Name: Numan Sheikh

Roll No: 19844

Semester: 7th

Presented to:
Sir Nadeem Nazir

Government College University, Faislabad

POLICY ANALYSIS
POLICY ANALYSIS
Definition:

Policy Analysis is the process of

identifying potential policy options that
could address your problem and then
comparing those options to choose the most
effective, efficient, and feasible one.
APPROACHES TO
POLICY ANALYSIS
LEVELS OF POLICY ANALYSIS
A policy established and carried out by the
government goes through several stages from
inception to conclusion. These are agenda
building, formulation, adoption,
implementation, evaluation, and
termination.
LEVELS OF POLICY ANALYSIS
There are three levels of policy analysis:

 Policy Analysis
 Policy Research
 Applied Social Science Research
POLICY ANALYSIS

Policy Analysis is the process of identifying

potential policy options that could address
your problem and then comparing those
options to choose the most effective,
efficient, and feasible one.
POLICY RESEARCH

Policy research is the practice of trying

to analyze the effects of
public policies already in place or project
large scale social impacts of
public policy structure.
APPLIED SOCIAL SCIENCE
RESEARCH
 
The study that uses the knowledge based
theories, principles, and methods of
interdisciplinary disciplines of basic social
science to understand the society and to help
address or solve a social problem or practical
problem in society.
THE PROCESS APPROACH

The most commonly adopted approcah is to

identify stages in the policy process and then
analyze the determinants of each particular
stage, this is called policy process approach.
 There are some approaches of public policy
analysis that explains a particular aspect of
the policy cycle.
 The Substantive Approach
 The Logical Positivist Approach
 The Econometric Approach
 The Phenomenological Approach
 The Participatory Approach
 The Normative or Perspective Approach
 The Ideological Approach
 The Historical Approach

THE SUBSTANTIVE APPROACH

In the substantive based approach, the
auditor is not relying on the client's internal
control over financial reporting so they don't
test. Once they performed an understanding
of internal control, auditors will then need to
perform testing and validating those internal
controls.
THE LOGICAL POSITIVIST
APPROACH

Positivism is the term used to describe

an approach to the study of society that
relies specifically on scientific evidence,
such as experiments and statistics, to reveal
a true nature of how society operates.
THE ECONOMETRIC APPROACH

The econometric approach also called public

choice approach or political economy
approach and it based on economic theory of
politics in which human nature is assumed to
be rational or motivated by purely personal
gain.
THE PHENOMENOLOGICAL
APPROACH

Those who oppose scientific study of public

policy prefer and approach whereby intution
is more important than scientific
approaches. This approach is called
Phenomenological Approach.
THE PARTICIPATORY APPROACH

A participatory approach is an approach in

which the end users of a sanitation or water
system are involved in the planning of the
system from the start. A good participatory
approach improves motivation, increases
learning and feelings of ownership and
enables community empowerment.
THE NORMATIVE OR
PERSPECTIVE APPROACH

The Normative Approach is a value

based approach to building communities,
based on the assumption that all people have
a need to belong, want to have a sense of
purpose, and want to experience success.
THE IDEOLOGICAL APPROACH

An idealogy is a set of opinions or beliefs of a

group or an individual. Very often idealogy
refers to a set of political beliefs or a set of
ideas that characterize a particular culture.
That are:
 Capitalism
 Communism
 Socialism
CAPITALISM

An economic and political system in which a

country's trade and industry are controlled
by private owners for profit, rather than by
the state.
COMMUNISM

A theory or system of social organization in

which all property is owned by the
community and each person contributes and
receives according to their ability and needs.
SOCIALISM

A political and economic theory of social

organization which advocates that the means
of production, distribution, and exchange
should be owned or regulated by the
community as a whole.
THE HISTORICAL APPROACH

  The historical approach to policy

analysis is the telling of a story based on
credible sources. It is often qualitative,
almost journalistic, in nature.
THANKYOU