GRADE: 8

SUBJECT: ENGLISH

TEACHER`S
NAME: MAHPARA FERDOUS
 Topic: Colon

Learning
objective: Learners will
be able to know about
the usage of colon.
What is Colon?
Colon is a punctuation mark used
to introduce a list of items, a
quotation, or an expansion or
explanation.

Mark for colon is : 

•mark used to introduce a list of

items, a quotation, or an expansion
or explanation .

•Mark for Colon is (:) 

 The three main functions of 2) To introduce items in a list - The colon usually
a colon are to: comes at the end of a sentence or phrase to introduce
lists, tabulations, and texts. For example : 
1) To expand or explain an We covered many of the fundamentals in our writing
idea  - The colon is used to class: grammar, punctuation, style, and voice. 
separate two independent My roommate gave me the things I needed most:
clauses when the second companionship and quiet. 
explains or illustrates the
first. For example :  3) To introduce a quotation or significant piece of
I have very little time to direct speech. For example:  
learn the language: my new Bailey: What were you doing the night of the 19th?
job starts in five weeks.   Mason: I refuse to answer that. 
 Other  uses of colons 
1) With time - The colon is used to 3) With ratio - The colon is used to
separate hours from minutes, with express a ratio of two numbers,
no space before or after the colon.  with no space before or after the
Example  - 11:35 a.m.  colon. Example - 1:3 

3) With subtitles - Colons are used to separate 4) After the salutation in a formal business
titles from subtitles. letter. A colon can be used immediately after
the greeting in a formal letter (less-formal
Example - Everest: The Last Frontier  letters tend to use a comma in this location).
Example: To Whom it May Concern: Please
accept my application for the position
advertised in the News and Observer. 
 Common colon mistakes 
 Before a list: Capitalize the first letter of the first word after the colon only if it is a proper noun.
Right: Joe invited several friends to the party: Samantha, David, and Frank. 
Right: The pizza came with three toppings: pepperoni, onion, and mushrooms. 
Wrong: The pizza came with three toppings: Pepperoni, onion, and        mushrooms. 
 Using a colon between a preposition and its object
Example (incorrect): My favorite cake is made of: carrots, flour, butter, eggs, and cream cheese icing. 
To correct this, simply remove the colon.
 Using a colon after “such as,” “including,” “especially,” and similar phrases. This violates the rule that
the material preceding the colon must be a complete thought. Look, for example, at the following sentence:
Example (incorrect): There are many different types of paper, including: college ruled, wide ruled, and
plain copy paper.
You can see that “There are many different types of paper, including” is not a complete sentence. The colon
should simply be removed.
 Classwork: Page.6 , Exercise. 8 (a,b)
Identify the colons in text 1C. How
many different types of usage for colons
can you identify? What are the usage?
Name them.

 Homework:

Write 3 usage of colon with example.

That`s all for today.

GOODBYE