DRUG PRESENTATION

ON AMINOPHYLLINE
BY
A . HELEN VINITHA
M.SC. NURSING (NPCC) II YEAR
SAVEETHA COLLEGE OF NURSING
 MECHANISM OF ACTION
AMINOPHYLLINE
INHIBIT PHOSPHODIESTERASE
INCREASE cAMP (PDE PREVENT DEGRADATION OF cAMP AND
cGMP)
ACCUMULATION OF INTRACELLULAR cAMP
IT IS ANTAGONISTS AT ADENOSINE RECEPTORS
BRONCHODILATATION
INHIBIT THE RELEASE OF HISTAMINE AND SRS-A FROM MAST
CELLS
IMPROVE MUCOCILIARY CLEARANCE IN RESPIRATORY PASSAGES
 INDICATION

•Asthma
•Neonatal apnea
•Diuresis
 CONTRAINDICATION

•Hypersensitivity to aminophylline
•Peptic ulcer disease
•Seizure disorder
 ADVERSE EFFECTS
• CNS - restlessness, insomnia, headache,
tremors, convulsions.
• Diuresis
• Heart – tachycardia, palpitation, hypotension,
sometimes sudden death due to cardiac
arrhythmias.
 DOSAGE
• Infusion should be done slow (no faster than
25mg/min) – rapid injection can produce severe
hypotension and death.
• Usual loading dose 5.7mg/kg
• Maintenance infusion-10 to 20 mcg/ml
• Orally – 100 & 200mg tablets.
• Bronchospasm
DOSING
Loading dose – 5 to 7 mg/kg over 20 -30 min or oral
Maintenance dose – 1.5 to 6 months ( 0.5 mg/kg/hr or 10 mg/
kg /day) orally in divided doses
6-12 months – 0.6 to 0.7 mg/kg/hr iv or 12-18 mg/kg/day
orally in divided doses
1-9 years – 1mg/kg/hr or 8mg/kg orally every 8 hrs.
9-12 years- 0.8 to 0.9 mg/kg/hr iv or 6.4 mg/kg orally every
8 hrs
12 – 16 years – 0.7 mg/kg/hr iv or 5.6 mg/kg orally every 8 hrs
 CONT..
• Neonatal apnea
Loading dose – 4 to 5 mg/kg oral/iv as a single
dose
Maintenance – 3 to 6 mg/kg/day oral/iv every
8hrs in divided doses
 PHARMACOKINETICS
• It is water soluble but highly irritant, it can be
administered orally or slow iv
• Distributed all over the body
• Cross placental and bbb
• Metabolized in liver
• Excreted in urine
 INTERACTION
• Ciprofloxacin, verapamil
• Diltiazem- increased theophylline level
• Halothane- increased risk of arrhythmia