MEDICATION DRUG CLASS/ WHY THIS NURSING

GENERIC NAME/ ACTION/ SIDE EFFECTS MEDICATION IS CONSIDERATIONS/

TRADE NAME THERAPEUTIC PRESCRIBED FOR INTERVENTIONS FOR
OUTCOME THIS CLIENT YOUR CLIENT
acetaminophen Generic Name: Functional Class: Hepatotoxicity pain Monitor liver function,
acetaminophen tab nonopioid analgesic Steven-Johnson Syndrome renal function, blood
Trade Name: Tylenol Action: blocks pain GI bleeding studies
Dose: 650 mg impulses, antipyretic Renal failure Check I&O for decreased
Route: PO by inhibition of Cyanosis renal output
Frequency: qhs PRN prostaglandins in the Jaundice Assess for signs of
Times Due: CNS Coma chronic poisoning: rapid,
Therapeutic Outcome: Death weak pulse; dyspnea;
Decreased pain and N/V, Abdominal pain cold, clammy
fever extremities; report
immediately to
prescriber
acetylcysteine Generic Name: Functional Class: CNS: Chills, dizziness, drowsiness, Mucolytic Assess cough: type,
acetylcysteine 20% Mucolytic; antidote fever, headache. CV: Flushing, frequency, character,
Trade Name: acetaminophen hypotension, tachycardia including sputum;
Mucomyst, Parvolex EENT: Rhinorrhea, tooth damage. GI: bronchospasm
Dose: 4mL Action: Decreases Anorexia, constipation, diarrhea, Assess characteristics,
Route: inhaler viscosity of secretions hepatotoxicity, nausea, stomatitis, rate, rhythm of
Frequency: q6h in respiratory tract vomiting respirations, increased
Times Due: 0800, INTEG: Clamminess, fever, pruritus, dyspnea, sputum;
1400, 2000, 0200 Therapeutic Outcome: rash, urticaria discontinue if
decreased viscosity of MISC: Anaphylaxis, angioedema, bronchospasm occurs;
mucus in respiratory RESP: Bronchospasm, burning, chest ABGs for increased CO2
disorders tightness, cough, hemoptysis, retention in asthma
dyspnea patients
Monitor VS, cardiac
status including checking
for dysrhythmias,
increased rate,
palpitations
Amiodarone Generic Name: Functional Class: CNS: dizziness, tremors, Hemodynamically Monitor electrolytes:
HCL amiodarone HCL Antidysrhythmic CV: Hypotension, bradycardia, CHF, unstable ventricular potassium, sodium,
Trade Name: (Class III) dysrhythmias, SA node dysfunction, tachycardia, chloride
Cordarone, AV block. EENT: Blurred vision, dry supraventricular Monitor chest x-ray,
Nexterone, Pacerone Action: Prolongs eyes ENDO: Hyper/hypothyroidism tachycardia, thyroid function tests
Dose: 100mg action potential GI: N/V, diarrhea, abdominal pain, ventricular fibrillation Monitor liver function
Route: per feeding duration and effective anorexia, constipation, hepatotoxicity not controlled by 1st- studies: AST, ALT,
tube refractory period, GU: ED. INTEG: Rash photosensitivity, line agents bilirubin, alkaline
Frequency: daily noncompetitive - pancreatitis, MS: Weakness, pain in phosphatase
Times Due: 0900 and -adrenergic extremities RESP: Monitor cardiac rate,
inhibition; increases Pulmonaryfibrosis/toxicity, ARDS respiration: rate, rhythm,
PR and QT intervals, character, chest pain,
decreases sinus rate, ventricular tachycardia,
decreases peripheral supraventricular
vascular resistance tachycardia or fibrillation

Therapeutic Outcome:
Decreased amount
and severity of
ventricular
dysrhythmias

Amlodipine Generic Name: Functional Class: Headache, fatigue, dizziness, anxiety, hypertension Assess fluid volume
Amlodipine calcium channel depression, insomnia, somnolence, status
Trade Name: blocker, Peripheral edema, bradycardia, Assess for angina
Norvasc antihypertensive hypotension, palpitations, syncope, Monitor drop in B/P and
Dose: 5mg Action: dilates blood chest pain, Nausea, vomiting, pulse
Route: PO vessels and improves diarrhea, constipation, flatulence, Monitor liver enzymes
Frequency: qam blood flow anorexia, gingival hyperplasia, Rash, for signs of
Times Due: Therapeutic Outcome: pruritus, Flushing, muscle cramps, hepatotoxicity
Lower blood pressure cough, weight gain, tinnitus, epistaxis, Monitor cardiac status:
pulmonary edema, dyspnea B/P, pulse, respiration,
ECG
apixaban Generic Name: Functional Class: Hypersensitivity reactions including Anticoagulant Inform patient that they
apixaban factor xa inhibitors bleeding reduce risk of stroke may bruise and bleed
Trade Name: Eliquis Action: Acts as a Indicated for more easily or longer
Dose: 2.5mcg selective, reversible treatment of deep than usual.
Route: per feeding site inhibitor of factor venous thrombosis notify health care
tube Xa, inhibiting both (DVT) and pulmonary professional if skin rash
Frequency: q12h free and bound embolism (PE) or signs of severe allergic
 Times Due: 0900, factor. Does not affect reaction (chest pain or
2100 platelet aggregation tightness, swelling of
directly, but does face or tongue, trouble
inhibit thrombin- breathing or wheezing,
induced platelet feeling dizzy or faint)
aggregation. occur.
Decreases thrombin
generation and
thrombus
development.
Therapeutic Outcome:
Treatment and
prevention of
thromboembolic
events.
aspirin Generic Name: Functional Class: Tinnitus Prevent blood clots Assess for hepatotoxicity,
aspirin nonopioid analgesic Hearing loss allergic reaction,
Trade Name: Bayer Action: Blocks pain Intracranial hemorrhage ototoxicity, renal
Aspirin impulses by blocking GI bleeding function, blood studies,
Dose: 81mg COX-1 in CNS Thrombocytopenia edema
Route: per feeding reduces inflammation Hepatitis
tube by inhibition of Anemia
Frequency: daily prostaglandin Dysrhythmia
Times Due: 0900 synthesis; antipyretic Broncospasm
action results from Rash
vasodilatation of
peripheral vessels;
decreases platelet
aggregation
Therapeutic Outcome:
Decreased pain,
inflammation, fever;
absence of MI,
transient ischemic
attacks, thrombosis
calcitriol Generic Name: Functional Class: headache, palpitations, hypertension, Hypocalcemia in Monitor for
calcitriol Parathyroid agent hypercalcemia, Blurred vision, chronic renal disease Hypercalcemia:
Trade Name: (calcium regulator) photophobia, Nausea, diarrhea, Chvosteks/Trousseaus
Rocatrol Action: Increases vomiting, jaundice, dry mouth, sign, hypocalcemia
Dose: 1mcg intestinal absorption, constipation, cramps, metallic taste, Monitor BUN, creatinine,
Route: PO renal reabsorption of Polyuria, hematuria, thirst, Myalgia, uric acid, chloride,
Frequency: daily calcium, provides weakness, Anaphylaxis, rash, pruritus electrolytes, urine pH,
Times Due: 0900 calcium for bones, urinary calcium,
increases renal magnesium, phosphate,
tubular resorption of urinalysis
phosphate
Therapeutic Outcome:
Calcium at normal
level

Calcium Generic Name: Functional Class: Constipation, nausea, vomiting, Antacid, calcium Monitor Ca+ (serum,
carbonate calcium carbonate Antacid, calcium flatulence, diarrhea, rebound supplement urine)
Trade Name: Tums supplement hyperacidity, eructation Assess for constipation;
Dose: 200mg Action: Neutralizes Calculi, hypercalciuria increase bulk in the diet
Route: feeding tube gastric acidity, if needed
Frequency: tid Therapeutic Outcome: Assess for
Times Due: 0900, Neutralized gastric hypercalcemia: headache,
1300, 1800 acidity; calcium at nausea, vomiting,
normal levels confusion; hypocalcemia:
paresthesia, twitching,
colic, dysrhythmias,
Chvosteks/Trousseaus
sign
carvedilol Generic Name: Functional Class: CNS: Dizziness, somnolence, Essential give with food to
carvedilol Antihypertensive /- insomnia, ataxia, vertigo, depression, hypertension alone decrease orthostatic
Trade Name: Coreg blocker fatigue, weakness, headache or in combination hypotension
Dose: 3.125mg CV: Bradycardia, postural with other Monitor I&O, weight
Route: per feeding Action: decreases hypotension, edema, AV block, antihypertensives, daily
tube cardiac output, extrasystoles, hypo/hypertension, CHF, LV dysfunction Hypertension: Monitor
Frequency: daily exercise-induced palpitations, GI: Diarrhea, abdominal following MI, B/P during beginning
Times Due: 0900 tachycardia, reflex pain, increased alkaline phosphatase, cardiomyopathy treatment and
Hold for bp<110 or orthostatic increased ALT/AST, nausea, vomiting periodically thereafter;
HR<60 tachycardia; causes INTEG: Rash, Stevens-Johnson pulse q4hr, note rate,
reduction in syndrome rhythm, quality
peripheral vascular thrombocytopenia, dyspnea, Monitor apical/radial
resistance and bronchospasm, cough, lung edema pulse before
 vasodilatation administration; notify
prescriber of significant
Therapeutic Outcome: changes, pulse <50 bpm
Decreased B/P in hold product, notify
hypertension prescriber
CHF: Assess for edema
in feet and legs daily,
fluid overload: dyspnea,
weight gain, jugular vein
distention, fatigue,
crackles
chlorhexidine Generic Name: Functional Class: Blistering, burning, itching, peeling, Antibacterial
chlorhexidine CGH antiseptic skin rash, redness, swelling, or other
0.12% alcohol free signs of irritation on the skin
Trade Name: swelling of the face, hands, or feet
Betasept, Chlorostat Action: trouble breathing
Dose: 15mL
Route: dental
Frequency: q12h Therapeutic Outcome:
Times Due: eliminates bacteria
D10W Generic Name: Functional Class: Fever, infection at site of injection, Assess for
D10W 10% Dextrose ipertonic solution venous thrombosis, phlebitis, hyperosmolarity
in Water extravasation, hypervolemia, local syndrome: mental
Trade Name: none pain, venous irritation, fluid overload, confusion, LOC, assess
Dose: 1000mL Action: hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, kidney function, monitor
Route: IV INT KVO hypophosphonatemia, glycosuria, blood electrolytes
Frequency: daily hyperglicemia
Times Due: PRN Therapeutic Outcome:
nutrition and
hydration
dextrose Generic Name: Functional Class: Fever, infection at site of injection, Increases intake of Assess for
dextrose Caloric agent venous thrombosis, phlebitis, calories; increases hyperosmolarity
Trade Name: n/a extravasation, hypervolemia, local fluids in patients syndrome: mental
Dose: 50% 50mL pain, venous irritation, fluid overload, unable to take confusion, LOC, assess
Route: IV push Action: hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, adequate fluids, kidney function, monitor
Frequency: q6h hypophosphonatemia, glycosuria, calories orally; acute blood electrolytes
Times Due: PRN hyperglicemia hypoglycemia
Therapeutic Outcome:
Provides calories,
prevents severe
 hypoglycemia

diabetisource Generic Name: Functional Class:

diabetisource AC enteral nutrition
Trade Name:
Dose: 65ml/hour Action: nutrition
Route: feeding tube
Frequency: Therapeutic Outcome:
Times Due: meet nutritional
needs of individuals
with diabetes
Docusate Generic Name: Functional Class: Bitter taste, constipation identify cause of
sodium docusate sodium cap laxative emollient throat irritation constipation
Trade Name: Colace Action: Increases Nausea, Advice patient that
Dose: 100mg water, fat anorexia, product may take up to 3
Route: PO penetration in cramps, days to soften stools
Frequency: qam intestine; allows for diarrhea Discontinue if patient
Times Due: easier passage of Rash experiences cramping,
stool rectal bleeding, nausea,
Therapeutic Outcome: vomiting
Passage of softened
stool, absence of
constipation
ergocalciferol Generic Name: Functional Class: Fatigue, weakness, drowsiness, Vit D deficiency Monitor BUN, creatinine,
ergocalciferol or Vitamin D seizures, headache, psychosis uric acid, chloride,
Vitamin D3 Action: Needed for Hypertension, dysrhythmias, Nausea, electrolytes, urine pH,
Trade Name: regulation of vomiting, cramps, diarrhea, urinary calcium,
Vitamin D3 calcium, phosphate constipation, metallic taste, dry mouth, magnesium, phosphate,
Dose: 50000U levels; normal bone Polyuria, nocturia, hematuria, urinalysis. Assess renal
Route: feeding tube development; albuminuria, renal failure, decreased status, assess nutritional
Frequency: weekly parathyroid activity; libido, photophobia status, monitor for
(Monday) neuromuscular increased blood levels
Times Due: 0900 functioning
Therapeutic Outcome:
 Prevention of rickets,
osteomalacia, normal
calcium/phosphate
levels

fentanyl Generic Name: Functional Class: CNS: Dizziness, delirium, euphoria, Controls moderate to Monitor VS
fentanyl citrate Opioid analgesic sedation, confusion, weakness, severe pain Monitor CNS changes:
patch dizziness dizziness, drowsiness,
Trade Name: Action: Inhibits CV: Bradycardia, cardiac arrest, hallucinations, euphoria,
Duragesic ascending pain hypo/hypertension LOC, pupil reaction
Dose: 25mcg/hr pathways in CNS, EENT: Blurred vision, miosis Monitor allergic
Route: topical increases pain GI: Nausea, vomiting, constipation reactions: rash, urticaria;
Frequency: q72h threshold, alters pain GU: Urinary retention product should be
Times Due: n/a perception by binding INTEG: Rash, diaphoresis discontinued
to opiate receptors MS: Muscle rigidity
RESP: Respiratory depression, arrest,
Therapeutic Outcome: laryngospasm
Relief of pain,
supplement to
anesthesia

fondaparinux Generic Name: Functional Class: Fever, insomnia, Nausea, Prevention/treatment Assess for hemorrhage
fondaparinux Anticoagulant, vomiting, constipation, of deep vein and bleeding gums
Trade Name: Arixtra antithrombotic Anemia, thrombocytopenia, major thrombosis
Dose: 2.5mg Action: Inhibits bleeding (intracranial, cerebral,
Route: subq factor Xa; interrupts retroperitoneal hemorrhage),
Frequency: daily blood coagulation postoperative hemorrhage, heparin-
Times Due: 0900 and inhibits induced thrombocytopenia
thrombin formation; Local reactionrash,
does not inactivate edema
thrombin (activated
factor II) or affect
platelets
Therapeutic Outcome:
Prevention of deep
vein thrombosis
gabapentin Generic Name: Functional Class: Drowsiness, confusion, dizziness Diabetic neuropathy Discontinue gradually
gabapentin Anticonvulsant
Trade Name: Action: Mechanism
Neurontin unknown; may
Dose: 400 mg increase seizure
Route: Oral threshold; structurally
Frequency: 3 times similar to GABA;
daily gabapentin binding
Times Due: sites in neocortex,
0900, 1400, 2100 hippocampus
Therapeutic
Outcome:
Decreased seizure
activity; decrease in
chronic pain
glimepiride Generic Name: Functional Class: Headache, hypoglycemia type 2 diabetes Hypo/hyperglycemia can
glimepiride Antidiabetic occur after meals
Trade Name: Amaryl Action: Causes Do not drink alcohol
Dose: 2 mg functioning beta cells
Route: Oral in pancreas to release
Frequency: Daily insulin, leading to
with a meal drop in blood glucose
Times Due: levels
0900 Therapeutic
Outcome:
Decrease in polyuria,
polydipsia,
polyphagia; clear
sensorium; absence of
dizziness; stable gait;
improved serum
glucose, A1C
Insulin Aspart Generic Name: Functional Class: Anaphylaxis , Blurred vision Diabetes Follow with meal within
insulin Aspart Antidiabetic Dry mouth, Flushing 10-15 minutes
Human 100 U/mL Action: Decreases Redness, Swelling Monitor blood sugar
Trade Name: blood glucose Hypoglycemia, Peripheral edema Watch for serious allergic
NovoLOG Therapeutic Outcome: reaction (anaphylaxis)
Dose: sliding scale Decreased blood
Route: SubQ Inj glucose levels in
Frequency: tid diabetes mellitus
 Times Due: ac and hs

Insulin glargine Generic Name: Functional Class: Anaphylaxis Patient has type 2 Diet plan to manage
insulin Glargine Antidiabetic, diabetes glucose
Trade Name: Lantus pancreatic hormone Teach how to test blood
Insulin Action: Decreases Blood glucose: glucose
Dose: 40 units blood glucose; by
Route: Subq transport of glucose
Frequency: q12hrs into cells and the
Times Due: conversion of glucose
to glycogen, indirectly
increases blood
pyruvate and lactate,
decreases phosphate
and potassium; insulin
may be human
(processed by
recombinant DNA
technologies)
Therapeutic
Outcome:
Decrease in polyuria,
polydipsia,
polyphagia; clear
sensorium; absence of
dizziness; stable gait
Insulin rapid Generic Name: Functional Class: Anaphylaxis type 2 diabetes Diet plan to manage
insulin rapid Antidiabetic, glucose
Trade Name: Lispro pancreatic hormone Teach how to test blood
Dose: Action: Decreases glucose
Route: Subq blood glucose; by
Frequency: Before transport of glucose
meals into cells and the
Times Due: conversion of glucose
to glycogen, indirectly
 increases blood
pyruvate and lactate,
decreases phosphate
and potassium; insulin
may be human
(processed by
recombinant DNA
technologies)
Therapeutic
Outcome:
Decrease in polyuria,
polydipsia,
polyphagia; clear
sensorium; absence of
dizziness; stable gait
ipratropium Generic Name: Functional Class: CNS: Anxiety, dizziness, headache, Monitor respiratory
ipratropium anticholinergic nervousness function: vital capacity,
Trade Name: bronchodilator CV: Palpitations ABGs, lung sounds, heart
Atrovent HFA Action: Inhibits EENT: Dry mouth, blurred vision, nasal rate, rhythm (baseline,
Dose: 1.5mL (unit interaction of congestion during treatment); if
dose) acetylcholine at GI: Nausea, vomiting, cramps severe bronchospasm is
Route: inhale receptor sites on the INTEG: Rash present, a more rapid
Frequency: q4h bronchial smooth RESP: Cough, worsening of symptoms, medication is required
Times Due: PRN muscle resulting in bronchospasm Monitor for evidence
bronchodilatation of allergic reactions,
Therapeutic Outcome: paradoxical
Bronchodilatation bronchospasm
Ipratropium Generic Name: Functional Class: Allergic reaction: Itching or hives, help control the Monitor respiratory
bromide ipratropium Bronchodilator swelling in your face or hands, symptoms of lung function: lung sounds,
bromide/albuterol swelling in throat, chest tightness, diseases heart rate, rhythm
sulfate trouble breathing. Blurred vision, used to treat air flow (baseline, during
Trade Name: Action: Inhaled beta- Chest pain, fast, pounding, or uneven blockage and prevent treatment)
Combivent, DupNeb 2-Agonist and Inhaled heartbeat the worsening of Monitor for evidence
Dose: 3ml muscarinic antagonist Urinary retention, painful urination chronic obstructive of allergic reactions,
Route: inhalation Dry mouth, increased thirst, muscle pulmonary disease paradoxical
Frequency: q6h cramps, nausea, vomiting (COPD) bronchospasm; withhold
Times Due: 0200, Therapeutic Outcome: dose and notify
0800, 1400, 2000 prescriber; identify if
patient is allergic to
belladonna products or
 atropine; allergy to this
product may occur

Isosorbite Generic Name: Functional Class: NS: Vascular headache, flushing, Treatment, Assess for pain: duration,
dinitrate isosorbite dinitrate Antianginal dizziness, weakness prevention of chronic time started, activity
Trade Name: Apo- Action: Relaxation of CV: Orthostatic hypotension, stable angina pectoris being performed,
ISDN, Dilatrate-SR, vascular smooth tachycardia, collapse, syncope character, intensity
Isochron, IsoDitrate, muscle, which leads GI: Nausea, vomiting Methemoglobinemia
Isordil to decreased preload, INTEG: Pallor, sweating, rash (rare): assess for cyanosis
Dose: 5mg afterload, thus MISC: Twitching, hemolytic anemia, of lips, nausea/vomiting,
Route: per feeding decreasing left methemoglobinemia, tolerance, dry coma, shock; usually
tube ventricular end- mouth caused by high dose of
Frequency: q8h diastolic pressure, and product, but may occur
Times Due: 0600, systemic vascular with normal dosing
1400, 2200 hold for resistance and Monitor for orthostatic
sp<110 reducing cardiac O2 B/P, pulse at baseline,
demand during treatment and
Therapeutic Outcome: periodically thereafter
Relief and prevention
of angina pectoris
labetalol Generic Name: Functional Class: CNS: Dizziness, mental changes, Mild to moderate Hypertension: monitor
labetalol Antihypertensive, drowsiness, fatigue, headache, hypertension; B/P at beginning of
Trade Name: antianginal catatonia, depression, CV: Orthostatic treatment of severe treatment, periodically
Trandate hypotension, bradycardia, CHF, chest hypertension (IV) thereafter; pulse q4hr;
Dose: 10mg Action: Produces pain, ventricular dysrhythmias, note rate, rhythm,
Route: IV push decreases in B/P EENT: Tinnitus, nasal congestion quality: apical/radial
Frequency: q6h without reflex ENDO: Hyperkalemia GI: Nausea, pulse before
Times Due: PRN tachycardia or vomiting, diarrhea, dyspepsia, taste administration; notify
Hold for sbp<60 significant reduction distortion, hepatotoxicity GU: dysuria, prescriber of any
in heart rate through HEMA: Agranulocytosis, significant changes (pulse
mixture of -blocking, thrombocytopenia, purpura (rare) <50 bpm)
-blocking effects; INTEG: Rash, exfoliative dermatitis Check for baselines in
elevated plasma RESP: Bronchospasm, dyspnea, renal, liver function tests
resins are reduced wheezing before therapy begins
CHF: assess for edema
Therapeutic Outcome: in feet, legs daily,
Decreased B/P monitor I&O, daily
weight; check for jugular
vein distention, crackles
bilaterally, dyspnea
levothyroxine Generic Name: Functional Class: Anxiety, insomnia, tremors, headache, Hypothyroidism Take B/P, pulse before
levothyroxine thyroid hormone Tachycardia, palpitations, angina, each dose; monitor I&O
Trade Name: Action: Controls dysrhythmias, hypertension, cardiac ratio and weight every
Synthroid protein synthesis; arrest, Nausea, diarrhea, increased or day in same clothing,
Dose: 112mcg increases metabolic decreased appetite, cramps, weight using same scale, at same
Route: feeding tube rate, cardiac output, loss, sweating, heat intolerance, fever, time of day
Frequency: daily renal blood flow, O2 alopecia, decreased bone mineral Assess cardiac status:
Times Due: 0600 consumption, body density angina, palpitations, chest
temp, blood volume, pain, change in VS
growth, development
at cellular level via
action on thyroid
hormone receptors
Therapeutic Outcome:
Correction of lack of
thyroid hormone
Magnesium Generic Name: Functional Class: CNS: Muscle weakness, flushing, Prevention of check for decrease in
magnesium sulphate Electrolyte; sweating, confusion, sedation, flaccid magnesium urinary output, assess
Trade Name: anticonvulsant, paralysis, hypothermia CV: deficiency cause of constipation;
Dose: 1gm laxative, saline; Hypotension, heart block, circulatory Assess edema in feet,
Route: IVPB antacid collapse, vasodilatation GI: Nausea, ankles, legs
Frequency: q2h vomiting, anorexia, cramps, diarrhea Assess prior product
Times Due: n/a Action: Increases HEMA: Prolonged bleeding time history; there are many
osmotic pressure, META: Electrolyte, fluid imbalances product interactions
draws fluid into colon, RESP: Respiratory
neutralizes HCl depression/paralysis

Therapeutic Outcome:
maintains Magnesium
levels WNL, absence
of constipation
metformin Generic Name: Functional Class: Heart failure, Lactic acidosis Type II Diabetes Discontinue temporarily
Metformin antidiabetic Thrombocytopenia, N/V for surgical procedures
Trade Name: Action: Inhibits Diarrhea, Rash when patient is NPO, or
Glucophage tab hepatic glucose Headache, Tinnitus if contrast media is used;
500mg production and Fatigue, Weakness resume when patient is
Dose: 1 TAB increases sensitivity Dizziness eating
Route: PO of peripheral tissue Assess for hypoglycemic
Frequency: qam to insulin reaction
Times Due: Therapeutic Outcome: Monitor liver and renal
Blood glucose at function
normal levels
metolazone Generic Name: Functional Class: Glucosuria, aplastic anemia Edema, hypertension Assess I&O
metolazone Diuretic,
Trade Name: antihypertensive
Zaroxolyn Action: Acts on distal
Dose: 10 mg tubule by increasing
Route: Oral excretion of water,
Frequency: Daily sodium, chloride,
Times Due: potassium,
0900 magnesium,
bicarbonate;
decreases GFR
Therapeutic
Outcome:
Decreased edema, BP
Morphine Generic Name: Functional Class: CNS: Drowsiness, dizziness, confusion, Moderate to severe Assess pain: location,
sulphate morphine sulfate opioid analgesic headache, sedation, euphoria, pain type, character,
Trade Name: Action: Depresses insomnia, seizures CV: Palpitations, intensity; give dose
DepoDur, Avinza pain impulse bradycardia, change in B/P, shock, before pain becomes
Dose: 2mg transmission at the cardiac arrest, chest pain, extreme
Route: IV PUSH spinal cord level by hyper/hypotension, edema, Monitor I&O ratio;
Frequency: q3h interacting with tachycardia. EENT: Blurred vision, check for decreasing
Times Due: PRN opioid receptors miosis, GI: Nausea, vomiting, GU: output; may indicate
Therapeutic Outcome: Urinary retention, HEMA: urinary retention; check
Decreased pain Thrombocytopenia for constipation; increase
INTEG: Rash, pruritus.RESP: fluids, bulk in diet if
Respiratory depression, respiratory needed, or stimulant
arrest, apnea laxatives may be
prescribed; monitor
serum sodium
Nifedipine SR Generic Name: Functional Class: Dysrhythmias Patient has Do not crush
nifedipine SR Calcium channel hypertension Do not give grapefruit
Trade Name: blocker, antianginal, juice
Procardia SR antihypertensive
Dose: 90 mg Action: Inhibits
Route: Oral calcium ion influx
Frequency: Daily across cell membrane
Times Due: during cardiac
0900 depolarization;
relaxes coronary
vascular smooth
muscle
Therapeutic
Outcome:
Decreased angina
pain, BP, activity
intolerance
Odasetron Generic Name: Functional Class: Headache, dizziness, drowsiness, Prevention of nausea, Assess for absence of
HCL odasetron HCL antiemetic fatigue, EPS, Diarrhea, constipation, vomiting nausea, vomiting during
Trade Name: Zofran Action: Prevents abdominal pain, dry mouth, Rash, chemotherapy
Dose: 4mg nausea, vomiting by bronchospasm (rare), musculoskeletal Assess for
Route: feeding tube blocking serotonin pain, wound problems, shivering, hypersensitivity reaction:
Frequency: tid (5-HT) peripherally, fever, hypoxia, urinary retention rash, bronchospasm
Times Due: 0930, centrally, and in the Assess for EPS
1330, 1830 small intestine shuffling gait, tremors,
 Therapeutic Outcome: grimacing, rigidity
Control of nausea, QT prolongation:
vomiting monitor ECG in those
with cardiac disease and
those receiving other
products that increase QT
omeprazole Generic Name: Functional Class: Pneumonia Acid reflux Assess for electrolyte
omeprazole cap proton pump Hepatic failure imbalance especially with
Trade Name: Losec, inhibitor, antiulcer Headache, Dizziness prolonged use. Monitor
PriLOSEC Action: suppresses Asthenia, Diarrhea hepatic enzymes for
Dose: 20mg gastric secretion by Abdominal pain, Vomiting signs of toxicity
Route: PO blocking final step of Nausea, Constipation Assess GI for pain
Frequency: qam stomach acid Flatulence, back pain swelling, and anorexia
Times Due: production upper respiratory tract infection , Can take up to 4 days to
Therapeutic Outcome: cough become effective
decreases
gastroesophageal
reflux and duodenal
ulcers
Polyethylene Generic Name: Functional Class: Nausea, abdominal cramping, Relieve constipation Overuse may cause
glycol polyethylene glycol Laxative diarrhea, dizziness diarrhea and dehydration
Trade Name: Miralax Action: increase
Dose: 17gm water, fat penetration
Route: Oral in intestine, allows for
Frequency: Daily easier passage of
Times Due: stool
0900 Therapeutic
Outcome:
passage of softened
stool, absence of
constipation
prednisone Generic Name: Functional Class: Depression, flushing, headache, mood inflammation Caution patient not to
prednisone cosrticosteroid changes, Hypertension, discontinue abruptly;
Trade Name: Rayos, Action: Decreases thrombophlebitis, embolism, adrenal crisis can result
Winpreo inflammation by tachycardia, fluid retention, blurred Assess for potassium
Dose: 30mg increasing capillary vision, Diarrhea, nausea, increased depletion: paresthesias,
Route: PO permeability and appetite, poor wound healing, fatigue, nausea, vomiting,
Frequency: daily lysosomal Hyperglycemia depression, polyuria,
Times Due: 0900 stabilization, osteoporosis, weakness dysrhythmias, weakness,
minimal edema, hypertension,
 mineralocorticoid cardiac symptoms
activity
Therapeutic Outcome:
Decreased
inflammation,
decreased adrenal
insufficiency

psyllium Generic Name: Functional Class: GI: Chronic constipation, Monitor blood, urine
psyllium Laxative, bulk-forming Nausea, vomiting, anorexia, diarrhea, ulcerative colitis, electrolytes, check I&O
Trade Name: cramps, intestinal/esophageal irritable bowel ratio
Metamucil Action: Bulk-forming blockage syndrome Assess for cramping,
Dose: 1 packet laxative rectal bleeding, nausea,
Route: per feeding vomiting; if these
tube Therapeutic Outcome: symptoms occur, product
Frequency: daily Decreased should be discontinued;
Times Due: 0900 constipation, Assess stool for color,
decreased diarrhea in consistency, amount,
colitis presence of flatulence
simvastatin Generic Name: Functional Class: CNS: Headache, cognitive impairment adjunct in primary Assess nutrition, assess
simvastatin Antilipidemic GI: Nausea, constipation, diarrhea, hypercholesterolemia for muscle tenderness,
Trade Name: Zocor dyspepsia, flatus, abdominal pain, , CAD, MI/stroke CPK levels
Dose: 20mg Action: reduces liver dysfunction, pancreatitis, prophylaxis Monitor bowel pattern
Route: per feeding cholesterol synthesis hyperglycemia daily; diarrhea may be a
tube INTEG: Rash, pruritus problem
Frequency: hs Therapeutic Outcome: MS: Muscle cramps, myalgia, Monitor triglycerides,
Times Due: 0900 Decreasing myositis, myopathy RESP: Upper cholesterol baseline,
cholesterol levels and respiratory tract infection throughout treatment;
LDLs, increased HDLs LDL, HDL, triglycerides

Sodium Generic Name: Functional Class: severe irritation; clean out an

chloride flush sodium chloride swelling; intravenous (IV)
flush warmth; catheter after IV
Trade Name: Saline Action: redness; infusion
Flush, Swabflush oozing; or
Dose: 50mL pain.
Route: IV PUSH Therapeutic Outcome:
Frequency: q12h
Times Due: 0730
trazodone Generic Name: Functional Class: Dizziness, drowsiness, depression Monitor B/P
trazodone antidepressant Orthostatic hypotension, ECG Monitor blood tests:
Trade Name: Action: Selectively changes, tachycardia, hypertension, CBC, leukocytes
Oleptro inhibits serotonin, Blurred vision, Diarrhea, dry Monitor liver function
Dose: 50mg norepinephrine mouth, paralytic Assess ECG for
Route: feeding tube uptake by brain, ileus, hepatitis, Urinary flattening of T wave,
Frequency: daily potentiates Retention, acute renal failure, Assess for EPS
Times Due: 2100 behavioral changes priapism, Agranulocytosis,
Therapeutic Outcome: thrombocytopenia, eosinophilia,
Decreased symptoms leukopenia
of depression after 2-
3 wk