Drug Indications & Mechanism of Side Effect Nursing Management

Contraindication Action

GN: Methyldopa Indications: MOA: Side Effect: Teach patient signs and
Hypertension The antihypertensive eff Sedation (usually symptoms of adverse
BN: Aldomet ect of methyldopa transient) effects, such as jerky
Contraindications: probably is due to Headache movements, and about
Pregnancy Active hepatic disease; its metabolism to alpha- Asthenia / weakness the need to report them;
Category: C On therapy with methylnorepinephrine, Hepatic effects he should also report
MAOIs which then lowers Endocrine & GI excessive weight gain (5 lb
arterial pressure by disturbances weekly), signs of infection,
stimulation of central Allergic or fever.
inhibitory alpha- Hematologic & • Teach patient to
adrenergic receptors, Dermatologic effects minimize adverse effects
false neurotransmission, should be reported by taking drug at bedtime
and/or reduction until tolerance develops to
of plasma renin activity. sedation, drowsiness, and
other CNS effects; by
Onset: PO 3-6 hr; avoiding sudden position
IV 4-6 hr changes to minimize
orthostatic hypotension;
Duration: PO 12-24 hr; and by using ice chips or
IV 10-16 hr sugarless hard candy or
gum to relieve dry mouth.
• Warn patient to avoid
hazardous activities that
require mental alertness
until sedative effects
subside.
• Instruct patient to call
for instructions before
taking OTC cold
preparations.
 Drug Indications & Mechanism of Side Effect Nursing
Contraindication Action Management

GN: Losartan K Indications: MOA: Side Effect: - Monitor patients

Hypertension Inhibits CNS: dizziness, BP
BN: Cozaar Renal protection in vasoconstrictive and asthenia, fatigue, - Monitor patients
Type 2 diabetic aldosterone-secreting headache, insomnia who are also
Pregnancy Category: patients with action of angiotensin II CV: edema, chest pain taking diuretics
C, D (in 2nd & 3rd proteinuria by blocking EENT: nasal for symptomatic
trimesters) angiotensin II receptor congestion, hypotension
Contraindications: on the surface of pharyngitis, sinus - Assess patients
Co administration vascular smooth disorders renal function
with aliskiren in muscle and other GI: abdominal pain, - Tell patients o
patients with diabetes. tissue cells. diarrhea, nausea, avoid salt
Pregnancy (2nd & 3rd dyspepsia substitutes
tri) Onset: 1hr Muskuloskeletal:
Hepatic impairment muscle cramps,
neonates Peak: 6hrs myalgia, back & leg
pain
Duration: 24hrs Respiratory: cough,
upper respiratory
infection
 Drug Indications & Mechanism of Side Effect Nursing
Contraindication Action Management

GN: Ascorbic Acid Indications: MOA: Side Effects: - Assess patient’s

Treatment & Increases protection Nausea and Vomiting condition
BN: Poten-Cee prevention of Vit C mechanism of the Heartburn - Inform patient
deficiency immune system, thus Diarrhea about the
Pregnancy Category: supporting wound Headache (in high possible side
A Contraindications: healing doses) effects
Renal, Urinary or gall Faintness with rapid - Instruct patients
bladder stones Onset: Unknown IV administration to be cautious of
the
Peak: Unknown contraindication
s of the drug
Duration: Unknown - Return the
medication
ticket on the box
for the next
timing