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Protein: by El Wathan Organic Chemistry For Third Grade
Protein: by El Wathan Organic Chemistry For Third Grade
By El Wathan
Organic Chemistry for third grade
Out Line
are macromolecules
that consist of one or
Proteins
more polypeptide chains
Definition
are bi-functional
compounds that contain
Amino Acid amine and carboxylic
acid which are attached
to α carbon
Definition
Primary Secondary
Protein Protein
Tertiary Quarternary
Protein Protein
Structures
Protein
Structures Formed by a Hydrogen bond
between every 4th peptide
bond – C=O to N-H
α-helix
The helix can either coil to
the right or the left
t e r na ry
Qua r Irregular folding of two or more polypeptide chains as
a result of many interactions between side group in
Protein every different amino acid
Structures
Bonds
Functions in structure of the boady or cell (tendons, bones, mudcle, ligaments, hair, skin)
Classification Examples
base on Shape Elastin
F ibrous
Classification Stabilizing Cross-Links
Examples
base on Shape • Cross linkages can be between 2 parts of a Elastin
protein or between 2 subunits
F ibrous
• Disulfide bonds (S-S) form between adjacent
-SH groups on the amino acid cysteine
Classification Examples
base on Shape Keratin
F ibrous
Classification
base on Shape
Compact protein structure
Secondary structure is complex with mixture of α-helix, -sheet, and loop structures
Globular
Classification Examples
base on Shape Globulin
Globular
Globulin
Is a generic term used to describe a set of sixty proteins including antibodies or gamma
globulins
Classification
base on Composition
Simple
Protein that contain
Histone
only amino acid as Example
Protamine
composition
Classification Examples
base on Composition Histone
Simple
Classification
base on Composition
Conjugated
Lipoprotein
Protein that contain not Glycoprotein
only amino acid as Example Nucleoprotein
composition Metaloprotein
Chromoprotein
Classification
base on Composition
Conjugated
Lipoprotein
Protein that
has LIPIDS
as prosthetic
group
Ex. Peripheral
apoprotein
Classification
base on Composition
Conjugated
Glycoprotein
Protein that has
CARBOHYDRATE
as prosthetic group
Ex. Some membrane
Classification
base on Composition
Conjugated
Nucleoprotein
Protein that has
DNA/RNA as
prosthetic group
Ex. Nucleosome
Classification
base on Composition
Conjugated
Metaloprotein
Protein that
has METAL
as prosthetic
group
Ex. Hemoglobin
Classification
base on Composition
Conjugated
Chromoprotein
Protein that has
CHROMOPHORE
group as prosthetic
group
Ex. Myoglobin
Classification
base on Composition
Derived
Protein that has been
Coagulated Casein
modified by chemicals, Example
Denatured Protein
heats, or enzymes.
Functions
Enzymes
Hormones
Antibodies
Storages
Transport
Enzymes are proteins that bind to their ligand as the 1 st step in a process
Enzymes can repeat these steps many times and rapidly, called catalysts
Example is Trypsin
Functions Functional
Ligan Binding
Enzymes
Hormones
Antibodies
Storages
Transport
Functions Functional
Ligan Binding
Enzymes
Hormones
Antibodies
Storages
Transport
Functions Functional
Enzymes
Hormones
Antibodies Ex. insulin
Storages Protein can be used to deliver chemical
Transport information needed in metabolism inside
Ex.
Ex. Adrenalin
Oxytocin
the body
Functions Functional
Enzymes
Hormones
Antibodies
Storages
Transport
A family of proteins that can be created to bind to
almost any molecule
Enzymes
Hormones
Antibodies
Storages
Transport
Functions Functional
Enzymes
Hormones
Antibodies
Storages
Transport
Y-shaped molecules with 2 binding sites at the
upper ends of the Y
Enzymes
Hormones
Antibodies
Storages Ex. Albumin
Protein can be used to store a specific
Transport molecule and release the molecule when it
Ex. Wheyisprotein
needed
Functions Functional Example is
Hemoglobin
can transport
Enzymes Oxygen
Hormones
Antibodies
Storages
Transport
Protein can be
used to
transport a
specific
molecule
inside the
body.
Sources
Casein
Milk
Sources
Soy Protein
soy
Sources
Albumin
Egg
Analysis
Biuret Test
Kjeldahl Method
El Wathan