INTRODUCTION AND HISTORY

OF INTELLIGENCE
Prepared by: Muhammad Hamza
INTRODUCTION TO INTELLIGENCE
INTRODUCTION TO INTELLIGENCE

 The word intelligence come from older latin roots.

 Inter=between + legere=perceive,understand.
INTRODUCTION TO INTELLIGENCE

 Intelligence is the ability to learn acquire and apply knowledge and skills.
 Intelligence can be defined as the capacity to learn from experiences and adapt to one’s environment, 
SHORT HISTORY OF INTELLIGENCE

• SIR FRANCIS GALTON(1822-1911)

He is one of the first people who
studied intelligence.
He tried to study physical characteristics
of person and created a laboratory  for measuring the reaction time and
other physical characteristics .
SHORT HISTORY OF INTELLIGENCE
• ALFRED BINET(1857-1911)
He introduced the first modern
intelligence test.
This test directly tested higher psychological
processes(real abilities and practical judgement)
 i.e PICTURE NAMING,QUESTION ANSWER,WORD
DEFINATION.
SHORT HISTORY OF INTELLIGENCE

• DAVID WECHSLER(1896-1981)
He expanded the idea of
binet by assessing adult intelligence using written
tests.
SHORT HISTORY OF INTELLIGENCE

• William Stern(1871-1938)
He gave the idea of intelligence quotient or IQ.He
defined IQ as ratio of mental age and actual chronological age. For instance, if a ten-
year-old boy has the intellectual capabilities of a thirteen year old, his IQ equals 130
(100×13/10).
SHORT HISTORY OF INTELLIGENCE

• Sir Thurnstone(1871-1938)
Sir Thurnstone viewed intelligence as consisting of
seven primary mental abilites.Verbal comprehension,verbal
fluency,number,memory,reasoning and perceptual speed.
Thank you 