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  • 1.1 Physical Quantities

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    AFIQAH BINTI MARZUKHI Moe
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    1. Physical quantities can be either base quantities like length, mass, and time that cannot be defined in terms of other quantities, or derived quantities like speed, area, and volume that are calculated from base quantities. 2. All physical quantities have standardized units of measurement in the International System of Units (SI). Derived quantities are defined by mathematical relationships involving base quantities and their units. 3. Physical quantities can also be classified as scalar quantities that only have magnitude, or vector quantities that have both magnitude and direction. Many derived quantities such as displacement, velocity, and force are vector quantities.

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    1.1 Physical Quantities (3)

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    1. Physical quantities can be either base quantities like length, mass, and time that cannot be defined in terms of other quantities, or derived quantities like speed, area, and volume that are calculated from base quantities. 2. All physical quantities have standardized units of measurement in the International System of Units (SI). Derived quantities are defined by mathematical relationships involving base quantities and their units. 3. Physical quantities can also be classified as scalar quantities that only have magnitude, or vector quantities that have both magnitude and direction. Many derived quantities such as displacement, velocity, and force are vector quantities.

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    18 views19 pages

    1.1 Physical Quantities

    Uploaded by

    AFIQAH BINTI MARZUKHI Moe
    1. Physical quantities can be either base quantities like length, mass, and time that cannot be defined in terms of other quantities, or derived quantities like speed, area, and volume that are calculated from base quantities. 2. All physical quantities have standardized units of measurement in the International System of Units (SI). Derived quantities are defined by mathematical relationships involving base quantities and their units. 3. Physical quantities can also be classified as scalar quantities that only have magnitude, or vector quantities that have both magnitude and direction. Many derived quantities such as displacement, velocity, and force are vector quantities.

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    of 19

    1.

    1 PHYSICAL QUANTITIES
    The earliest instruments used for measuring time were the
    sundial, the hourglass and the water clock
    Other than time, these ancient people
    realised the importance of measuring
    lengths or distances in their daily lives.
    There is thing that can be measured ie temperature and cannot
    be measured ie taste and beauty.

    PHYSICAL QUANTITY is a quantity


    that can be measured or calculated
    on an object or phenomena

    Weight of a book – weight is the Angle of refraction – angle is the


    physics quantity and book is the quantity and refraction is the
    object. phenomenon.
    PHYSICAL QUANTITIES

    Every physical quantity has its own unit.

    Length of a book = 20 cm Speed of car = 90 km/hour

    Physical quantity unit Physical quantity


    unit
    Magnitude
    Numerical value Magnitude
    Numerical value
    KUANTITI FIZIK Kuantiti yang boleh diukur
    PHYSICAL QUANTITY Quantity that can be measured

    KUANTITI ASAS KUANTITI TERBITAN


    BASE QUANTITY DERIVED QUANTITY
    Kuantiti fizik yang tidak dapat Kuantiti fizik dihasilkan daripada kuantiti-
    ditakrifkan dalam sebutan kuantiti asas secara pendaraban atau
    kuantiti-kuantiti fizik yang lain pembahagian atau gabungan kedua-duanya.
    Base quantity are quantities Derived quantity is one which is obtained by
    that cannot be defined in terms combining base quantities by multiplication,
    of other base quantities. division or both these operations.
    Based quantity Measuring instrument SI unit
    Length , l Metre ruler meter, m
    Mass, m Triple beam balance Kilogram, kg
    Time, t Stop watch Saat, s
    Electric current, I Ammeter Ampere, A
    Temperature, T Thermometer Kelvin, K
    Luminious Candela, cd
    Intensity, l
    Amount of mole
    substance, n
    Describing Derived Quantities in Terms of Base Quantities and
    S.I Base Units
    What does the speedometer indicate?

    It indicates the speed of the car is 80 km/hr

    How can we calculate the speed of the car?


    Use formula:
    Speed = distance = 80 km
    time 1 hr
    = 80 km/hr
    The physical quantity of speed is derived from 2
    base quantities: distance and time

    Speed is a DERIVED QUANTITY


    Length = 30.0 cm width = 22.0 cm thickness = 3.0 cm

    How can we determine the area dan volume of the book?

    Area = length x width


    = 30.0 cm x 22. 0 cm
    = 660 cm x cm = 660 cm2

    Volume = length x width x thickness


    = 30.0 cm x 22. 0 cm x 3.0 cm
    = 1980 cm x cm x cm
    = 1980 cm3 Area & Volume:
    DERIVED QUANTITY
    m x m = m2 kg ms-1

    m x m x m = m3 ms-1 = ms-2
    s

    Kg = kgm-3
    kg ms-2 = Newton = N
    m3

    m = ms-1 N = N m-2 = Pascal = Pa


    s m2
    Nm = Joule = J

    J = J s-1 = Watt = W
    s
    F = kx
    k = F/x
    == N/m = N m-1
    KUANTITI FIZIK Kuantiti yang boleh diukur
    PHYSICAL QUANTITY Quantity that can be measured

    KUANTITI SKALAR KUANTITI VEKTOR


    SCALAR QUANTITY VECTOR QUANTITY
    Kuantiti fizik yang mempunyai Kuantiti fizik yang mempunyai magnitud dan
    magnitud sahaja. arah.
    Physical quantity which has Physical quantity which has both magnitude
    magnitude only and direction
    The instruction is clearer
    because DIRECTION are
    given.
    √

    √ √

    √ √

    √
    distance displacement
    mass weight
    temperature velocity
    time acceleration
    speed
    power momentum
    area force
    pressure

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