Compare and Contrast;

The Rhetorical Situation

Lecture 9/18
New Peer Groups
 A: Tania Reyes, Jose Roldan, Shalimar Singson

 B: Pam Henderson, Charley Orrell, Ty Pham

 C: Guillermo Rodriguez, Jorge Perez, Nina Riser

 D: Nourah Ghwari, Victoria Henderson, Justin

Morgan

 E: Juan Sandoval, Cinthia Medina, Jernika

Bridgewater

 F: Tommy Crockett, Melissa Ridgway, Ivan Cortez

 G: Garrett Head, Martin Pedroza, Jahnecia Jackson

 H: Kendall Carter, Alexa Grbic, Corey Prince

Compare and Contrast:
Side by Side Outline
 I. Introduction of theme/issue/context and the two works with
a thesis statement.
 II. “Work A”
 A. Point 1
 B. Point 2
 Etc.

 III. “Work B”
 A. Point 1 (same point as point 1 in “Work A”)
 B. Point 2 (same point as point 2 in “Work A”)
 Etc.

 IV. Conclusion answering “So what?” about the

comparisons/contrasts made.
 Issues with this format?
Compare and Contrast:
Point by Point Outline
 I. Introduction of theme/issue/context and the two works
with a thesis statement.
 II. Point 1
 A. “Work A”
 B. “Work B”

 III. Point 2
 A. “Work A”
 B. “Work A”

 Etc.
 Conclusion answering “So what?” about the
comparisons/contrasts made.
 RECOMMENDED APPROACH!
 The Rhetorical Situation
 Each text is written by someone, about
something, and for someone or some reason.
 The rhetorical situation is the context used to
establish the relationships that the author,
audience, and subject matter have with each
other.
 Similar questions to ask as from the narrative:
who? What? Where? When? Why? How?
 Rhetorical Appeals: Logos (logic), Ethos
(ethics), Pathos (emotions)
 Logos (Logic)
 This is what the author uses to establish “sense”
with the subject matter.
 Does the evidence stack up to reason?
 Inductive vs. Deductive reasoning (more on this later)
 Logical Fallacies (more on this later)
 Qualities of effective evidence:
 Sufficient
 Typical
 Appropriate and accurate
 Relevant
 Usually given by statistics, concrete examples, etc.
 Ethos (Ethics)
 The author uses this appeal to establish
credibility on the issue and on his/her self.
 Do they have the background necessary for the
task at hand?
 Are they honest with their claims?
 Can be seen through a narrative of personal
experience or it can be found in the context of
education, job position, etc.
 Pathos (Emotions)
 The author uses this appeal to get the audience
to “feel” something about the subject or about
the author’s point of view.
 Often used as stories to illustrate emotional
impact.
 Audience Types
 “Believer”
 What types of persuasion (logos, ethos, pathos) does a
believer need?
 Pathos!!!!
 “Skeptic” (but open-minded)
 What types of persuasion (logos, ethos, pathos) does a
skeptic need?
 Balance of all three!
 “Opponent” (close-minded)
 What types of persuasion (logos, ethos, pathos) does an
opponent need?
 Logos and Ethos
 Homework
 Read Augusten Burroughs’s “Absolutely
Fabulous” (57), Dave Barry’s “Beauty and the
Beast” (315), and Michael Chabon’s “Faking It”
(343)