Employee Morale
and
Satisfaction
MODULE # 3
Job satisfaction
• It is the amount of pleasure or contentment
associated with a job
• It is the overall amount of positive feelings
that individuals have towards their jobs
• It is affected by various factors
– Individual factors
– Social factors –relationship with the peer groups
– Organizational factors
Determinants of job satisfaction
• Nature of job
• Nature of supervision
• Working conditions
• Rewards
• Opportunities for promotion
• Employee morale
Employee Morale
• Morale is defined as the capacity of a
group of people to pull together
persistently in pursuit of a common
purpose
• It represents a combination of
feelings,attitude and sentiments that
contribute to general feelings of
satisfaction
Morale vs Motivation
• Motivation is a process which
stimulates individuals to action to
accomplish certain goals
• Motivation is something that makes a
person move towards that action
Indicators of low morale
• High rate of absenteeism
• Excessive complaints and grievances
• Frustration among workers
• Friction among workers and their groups
• Antagonism towards leadership of the
organization
• Lack of discipline
Morale should be kept high ….
• Willing cooperation towards objectives of
the organization
• Loyalty to the organization
• Voluntary conformity to the rules and
regulations ie good discipline
• High degree of employee interest in their
jobs
• Reduction in the rate of absenteeism
How to improve the morale
• Fair remuneration
• Incentive system
• Congenial working environment
• Proper placement of employees utilizing the
skills ,interest and aptitudes
• Two way communication
• Training
• Workers participation
• Social activities
• Counseling
Methods to assess employee
morale
• Observation of employee attitude and
behaviour
• Attitude or moral survey
• Use of morale indicators
• Use of suggestion boxes
Workers participation in
management
• Workers participation in
management means giving scope for
workers to influence the managerial
decision making process at different
levels by various forms in the
organization
Objectives of WPM
• Increasing productivity for the general
benefit of the firm
• Giving the employees a better
understanding of their role in the industry
• Satisfied the urge of the workers for self
expression
• Achieving industrial peace ,better relations
and increased cooperation
Modes of participation
• Works committee
• Joint management councils
• Collective bargaining
• Co-patnership
• Suggestion schemes
• Grievance procedure
• Quality circle
WPM at TISCO
• TISCO consist of a three-tiered
system with
– Joint department councils (JDCs)
– Joint works councils (JWC) for the entire
work,
– Joint consultative council of
management (JCCM) at the top level.
• JDCs
– advise on the steps necessary to promote and
rationalize production, improve productivity and
discipline and economize cost. Promotion of
welfare and safety, encouragement of suggestions
and improvement of working conditions also looked
into
• JDSs have discussed a total of 14,104 suggestion
of which 70.3 per cent have been implemented.
• JWCs
– discharge special function of reviewing every
month the working of JDCs and other committees
such as Suggestion Box Committee, Safety
Committee, Canteen Managing Committee, etc.
• JCCM was given the task of advising management
on production and welfare and also looking at
matters referred to by JDCs and JWCs
Suggestion schemes @
organisations
• Motorola reduced the number of defects in its
products by 80 percent by having an effective
suggestion scheme
• ITC follows a suggestion scheme (an employee
involved plan) for continuous improvement –
seeking suggestions in the areas of
productivity ,waste reduction,safe work practices
and quality of work etc
Grievances
• Grievance means any real or
imaginary feeling of dissatisfaction
and injustice which an employee
has about his employment
relationship.
DEFINITION
“ A grievance is any discontent or
dissatisfaction, whether expressed or
not, whether valid or not, arising out
of anything connected with the
company that an employee thinks,
believes or even feels, is unfair,unjust
or inequitable”
Causes of Grievances
• Grievances arising out of
Working Conditions
• arising from Management policy
• arising from Alleged violation of
certain rules
• arising out of Personal
Maladjustment
Effects of Grievances
• Indiscipline
• Low morale and decreased productivity
• High Absenteeism and turnover
• Loss of faith in management
• Increase in accidents
• Formation of cliques
• Lowering of public image of the organization
Understanding Employee
Grievances
1. Exit Interview
2. Opinion Surveys
3. Gripe Boxes
4. Open Door Policy
Standard Grievance Procedure (ILC)
• A voluntary Grievance procedure in
pursuance to the Code of Discipline
adopted in the 16th session Indian
Labour Conference in 1958 .
• It contains Five successive time
bound steps each leading to the next
in case the aggrieved employee
prefers an appeal.
GRIEVANCE PROCEDURE
