Job Satisfaction And

Morale
What is job satisfaction?????
“job satisfaction is the extent of positive
feelings or attitudes that individuals have
towards their jobs”

Definition
“job satisfaction will be defined as the
amount of overall positive affect or feelings
that individual have towards their job”
Factors influencing job
satisfaction

 Organisational factors
 Work environment factors
 Work itself
 Personal factors
Organisational factors

 Salaries and wages

 Promotion changes
 Company policies
Work environmental factors

 Supervision
 Work group
 Working conditions
Work itself

 Job scope
 Variety
 Autonomy and freedom
 Role ambiguity and role conflict
 Interesting groups
Personal factors

 Age and seniority

 Tenure
 personality
Consequences of job satisfaction

“job dissatisfaction produces low morale

among workers and low morale at work
is highly undesirable”
Relation of JS with other factors

 Job satisfaction and productivity

 Job satisfaction and employee turnover
 Job satisfaction and absenteeism
 Job satisfaction and union activities
 Job satisfaction and safety
Theories of job satisfaction

 Need fulfillment theory

 Equity theory
 Two factor theory
 Discrepancy theory
 Equity discrepancy theory
 Social reference group theory
Morale ……………….
Morale

Morale is an overall attitude of an individual

and group towards all aspects of their work”

Flippo-”morale is a mental condition or

attitude of individual and groups which
determines their willingness to co-operate”
Individual and group morale

“individual morale is a single person’s attitude

towards work ,environment etc.”

“group morale reflects the general attitude of a group

of persons”
Morale and Motivation

..Morale is the attitude of a person forward his work and

environment while ………………..motivation is a
process to inspire people”
Morale and Productivity

There is positive relation among

both morale and productivity
….high the morale ……high will
be productivity………
Factors affecting morale
 The organisation
 The nature of work
 The level of satisfaction
 The level of supervision
 Concept of self
 Workers perception of reward system
 The employees age
 Occupational level
Sign of low morale
 High rate of absenteeism
 Tardiness
 High labour turnover
 Strikes
 Lack of pride in work
 Wastage and spoilage
High morale……..
Signs of high morale

 Internal cohesiveness
 Absence of sub groups within a group

 Ability to cope changing environment

 Feeling of belongingness
 Commonness of goals
Factors improving morale
 Two way communication
 Proper incentive system
 Human relation approach
 Welfare schemes
 Participation in management
 Improve workers training
 Job enrichment