A combination of physical

activity and computerized

brain
training improves verbal
memory and increases
cerebral
glucose metabolism in the
elderly

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 ABSTRACT
Physical exercise interventions
and cognitive training programs
have individually been reported to
improve cognition in the healthy
elderly population; however, the
clinical significance of using a
combined approach is currently
lacking.
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 INTRODUCTION
The rise in life expectancy has led to increases in the
prevalence of
dementia globally. Observational studies have reported that
physical activity (PA) is
associated with better cognitive performance and reduced
dementia risk. Intervention studies and meta-analysis of PA
clinical trials for healthy older adults report enhanced memory,
executive function and reaction time, including improved
cognition in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients. A study (n =
170) reported that 6 months of walking intervention improved
ADAS-Cog scores in patients with mild cognitive impairment
(MCI)
compared with the control group.
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REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

Based on the study of

Lautenschlager , Cox , Flicker ,
Foster, van Bockxmeer , Xiao et
al., they reported that 6 months
of walking intervention improved
ADAS-Cog scores in patients
with mild cognitive impairment
(MCI) compared with the control
group.

Erickson , Voss , Prakash , Basak

, Szabo , Chaddock et al.,
Aerobic exercise intervention is
most beneficial in cognition.
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 AIM
This study is
evaluated whether
physical activity,
computerized
cognitive training
and/or a combination
of both could improve
cognition.
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 RESEARCH
DESIGN

THE
RESEARCHERS
USE QUASI-
EXPERIMENTAL
RESEARCH
DESIGN
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 DATA ANALYSIS

They performed univariate analysis of for all

continuous variables.

Chi-squared tests is used for all categorical

variables.

For study outcome variables, they used general

linear model repeated measures analysis of
covariance procedure to assess the main effects
of the intervention.

They also performed post hoc comparisons when

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group x time interaction was significant.
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 DISCUSSION

THE FIRST FINDING IS THE SPECIFIC COMBINATION OF PA AND

C OMPUTERIZED BRAIN TRAINING SIGNIFICANTLY IMPROVED
VERBAL MEMORY AFTER 16 WEEKS.
THE SECOND FINDING IS THE COMBINED GROUP SHOWED
HIGHER REGIONAL COUNTS COMPARED WITH THE CONTROL
GROUP; RESULTING HIGHER LEVELS OF GLUCOSE METABOLISM.
THE THIRD FINDING IS THE HIGHER REGIONAL COUNTS WERE
ASSOCIATED WITH IMPROVED VERBAL MEMORY AT WEEK 16
POST INTERVENTION IN THE COMBINED GROUP ONLY.
A 6-MONTH RANDOMIZED TRIAL OF AEROBIC, STRENGTH,
FLEXIBILITY, BALANCE, AND COORDINATION EXERCISES
RESULTED IMPROVED IMMEDIATE AND DELAYED RECALL IN THE
INTERVENTION GROUPS YET THIS STUDY LACKED A COMBINED
GROUP.
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 REFERENCE/BIBLIOGRAPHY

THE RESEARCH HAS CLEARLY

AND FULL BIBLIOGRAPHIC
DETAILS PROVIDED. IT IS IN
MLA FORMAT.
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