JURGEN HABERMAS

COMMUNICATION ACTION

AURORA DINDA
CICILLIA MEIFANI
HARAPAN ABDUL
JENNIFER
SHIANITA PRATAMA
JURGEN HABERMAS
 SHORT BIOGRAPHY OF HABERMAS

Jürgen Habermas (born 18 June 1929)

is a German sociologist and philosopher

in the tradition of critical theory and pragmatism.

He is perhaps best known for his theories on communicative

rationality and the public sphere. In 2014,

Prospect readers chose Habermas as one of

their favorites among the "world's leading thinkers.

 HABERMAS RELEVANT TO SOCIAL
SCIENCES
Habermas's statement of the principal issues is concise and elegant, and his own original resolution of them
is of continuing relevance. He considers the main lines of thought pursued by :

 Epistemologists and methodologists of the social sciences, from neo-Kantianism to behaviorism from
problems of measurement to those of interpretive logic, in a sustained and provocative argument that
involves analysis and critique at every point and ends with his own sharply profiled position.
 Beginning with the turn of the century debates on the distinction between natural
and cultural sciences, Habermas discusses the relationship between sociology and
history.

 He takes up the problem of : a general theory of social action- focusing first on the
nature of "interpretive understanding” on the scope and limits of functionalist
explanation.
 HABERMAS BELIEVES THAT SOCIETY MUST BE
UNDERSTOOD AS A MIX OF 3 MAJOR INTERESTS

1. WORK 2. INTERACTION 3. POWER

• Use of language (and symbols) for • Social order naturally leads to

• Efforts to create necessary material power distribution.
communication.
resources.
• Power leads to distorted
• Social cooperation is necessary for survival. communication.
• Because of its highly instrumental
• Practical interest: involves practical
nature basically a "technical • Groups can themselves be
reasoning and represented in historical empowered to transform society
interest.”
scholarship and hermeneutics
 THEORY OF SOCIAL ACTIONS

• Orientation to success and an orientation to reaching

understanding
• Interested in achieving a desired state of affairs in objective
world
• Select the means to be successful
 Theory of Social Actions

Teleological Action
• The philosophical attempt to describe things in terms of their apparent purpose, directive
principle, or goal.

• Instrumental: actors relate to the world by manipulating and controlling objects and
flows in their environment

• Using technical rules: actors calculate alternative means select that maximizes their
chances of achieving the goal.
 THEORY OF SOCIAL ACTIONS

Normatively Regulated Action

• members of a social group who orient their action to common values

• In social capital, people :

They know
Trust each Expect to Act
how to make
other behave accordingly
exceptions
 THEORY OF SOCIAL ACTIONS

Dramaturgical Action
• Designed to be seen by others and to improve one's public self-image.
Person's identity is constantly remade as the person interacts with others

• Before an interaction with another, an individual prepares a role, or impression,

that he or she wants to make on the other.
 Theory of Social Actions

Communicative Action
• Individual action to promote common understanding and cooperation in groups
• It’s based on: people’s respect
goal of maintaining social capital
desire to build new social capital

• create and maintain resources for society as a whole

 COMMUNICATIVE ACTION

Communicative action, cooperative action undertaken by

individuals based upon mutual deliberation and
argumentation, in which actors in society seek to reach
common understanding and to coordinate actions by reasoned
argument, consensus, and cooperation rather than strategic
action strictly in pursuit of their own goals
 The world as immediately or directly
experienced in the subjectivity of
everyday life
Lifeworld as a
 It includes: Individual, Social, Perceptual,
Practical experiences source of social
 System triggers to or result of economy
capital
and social organization
  Area in social life where every people can
PUBLIC SPHERE come together

 They usually discuss about matters of mutual

interest and where possible to reach common
judgment about them

 The public sphere can be seen as “a theater in

modern societies in which political
participation is enacted through the medium of
talk
THE THEORY OF COMMUNICATIVE
ACTION

VOL 1 VOL 2

• To develop a concept of rationality that is • Concepts which can be used to free

no longer tied to, and limited by, the Weber's theory of rationalization from the
subjectivist and individualistic premises aporias (problem that difficult to solve)
of modern philosophy and social theory of the philosophy of consciousness
The Theory of Communicative Action has three interrelated concerns:
(1) to develop a concept of rationality that is no longer tied to, and
limited by, the subjectivist and individualistic premises of modern
philosophy and social theory;
(2) to construct a two-level concept of society that integrates the
lifeworld and systems paradigms; and, finally,
(3) to sketch out, against this background, a critical theory of modernity
which analyzes and accounts for its pathologies in a way that
suggests a redirection rather than an abandonment of the project of
enlightenment.
 Drag picture to placeholder or click
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Theory or set of theories which describes
human rationality as a necessary outcome
of successful communication
RATIONALITY Concerned about verifying the norms and
procedures by which agreements can be
reached
View of reason as a form of public
justification
 LIFEWORLD AND SYSTEM INTEGRATION

• System integration: a chain process to connect some systems functionally

• societies require integration, but like the neo-Marxists he believes societies

are in crisis

• core integrative function of communication has been increasingly disabled

• Thus the legitimation of social institutions, indeed of nation states, is in

crisis
 • Transformation process from traditional
citizens to the modern citizens

• Both system and life-world rationality

were allowed to express themselves fully
MODERNITY without one destroying the other

• Effort should be made to solve the

relationship between system and the life-
world
THANK YOU