Physico-chemistry project

Micro-cogenerator using biogas

HUCHANT Hugo
REMY Simon
RENSONNET Charly

Master 2 GED - 2018 2019

Overview
Fuel description
Micro-cogenerator
Process modelised in Vali
Mechanical & Thermal efficiencies
KPV
Trend curves
Optimal case
Conclusion
Goals of the project :

Establish a flow sheet in order to

● model a real process as we may encounter in industry

● manage the energy of a process

● optimize the process (efficiency, fuel consumption, etc)

● learn more about the Belsim software

Biogas as fuel
Biogas production

➔ Breakdown of organic matter

in absence of oxygen

➔ Mix of different gases

CH4, CO2, H2O, H2S, N2, …
The biogas in a nutshell
● Good alternative to fossil fuels
→ produced with organic wastes
● Main components : CH4, CO2, H2O

● PCI (biogas) = 7 kWh/m3

PCI (natural gas) = 10 kWh/m3
→ difference due to the higher proportion of CO2 in the biogas
● Greenhouse gas (because of the CO2 and the CH4 )
Combustion
ΔH = heat released
by the reaction
 Process modelised in Vali

Fuel : Mass Flow rate=135.84 kg/h

Pin fuel = 1.2 bar
Pin air = 1 bar
Process modelised in Vali
Composition of the fuel before the mixer
Global efficiency

Ratio mechanical-thermal power

KPV

- Pressure
- Mass flowrate

- % of O2
- % of CH4 before and after
Some trend curves
Trend curves
Trend curves
Trend curves
Trend curves %O2 in the air efficiency P_tot
0.1 0.75
0.15 0.8
0.21 0.84
0.3 0.87
0.5 0.9
0.7 0.92
0.9 0.93
1 0.93
Trend curves
Optimal case

- 70% of O2 in the air mix

- 60% of CH4 in the fuel
- CH4 out of reactor < 0.1%
Conclusion