FINANCIAL STATEMENT

ANALYSIS
 Introduction
Framework: Process of Business Analysis

Business Environment & Strategy

Analysis

Industry Analysis Strategy Analysis

Financial Analysis
Prospec
Accounti tive
Profitability Analysis of Risk
Analysis
ng Analysis Cash flows
Analysis Analysis

Intrinsic
CoC
Estimate
Value
Introduction

FINANCIAL
PERFORMANCE

PERFORMANCE
NON FINANCIAL
PERFORMANCE
Building Blocks of Financial
Statement Analysis

1. Short-term Liquidity
2. Capital structure and solvency
3. Return on invested capital
4. Asset turnover
5. Operating performance and
profitability
6. Forecasting and valuation
Definisi Laporan Keuangan (1)
 Stickney & Brown [1999]
Financial statements portray the
operating performance and financial
health of a business firm for periods.
Definisi Laporan Keuangan (2)
 Subramanyam & Wild [2009]
At the end of a period–typically a quarter
or a year-financial statements are
prepared to report on financing and
investing activities at that point in time,
and to summarize operating activities
for the preceding period.
Definisi Laporan Keuangan (3)
 SAK 2015
Laporan keuangan merupakan bagian
dari proses pelaporan keuangan.
Laporan keuangan yang lengkap
biasanya meliputi neraca, laporan laba
rugi, laporan perubahan posisi
keuangan, catatan, dan laporan lain.
Tujuan Laporan Keuangan
 Berstein (1983)
Tujuan Laporan Keuangan:
1. Screening

2. Understanding

3. Forecasting

4. Diagnosis

5. Evaluation
Tujuan Laporan Keuangan
 SAK 2015
Tujuan laporan keuangan adalah menyediakan
informasi yang menyangkut posisi
keuangan, kinerja keuangan, serta
perubahan posisi keuangan suatu entitas
yang bermanfaat bagi sejumlah besar
pengguna dalam pengambilan keputusan
ekonomik.
Tujuan Laporan Keuangan
 SAK 2015
Laporan keuangan menunjukkan apa
yang telah dilakukan manajemen
(stewardship) atau
pertanggungjawaban manajemen atas
sumber daya yang dipercayakan
kepadanya.
Jenis-jenis Laporan Keuangan

1. Balance sheet
2. Income Statement
3. Cash Flow Statement
4. Statements of Changes in
Equity
Financial Statement Stakeholders

 Management
 Investor
 Creditor
 Supplier
 Employee
 Government
 Customer
 Society
Financial Statement Analysis (1)

 Financial statement analysis is the method

by which users extract information to answer
their question about the firm.
 Financial analysis is the use of financial
statements to analyze a company’s financial
position and performance, and to assess
future financial performance.
 Financial statement analysis helps by
comparing the firm’s performance with
that of other firms in the same industry
and evaluating trends in operations
over time.
 Financial statement analysis help
management identify deficiencies and
take actions to improve performance.
Financial Statement Analysis (1)

Financial statement analysis is an

integral and important part of the
broader field of business analysis.

Business analysis is the process of

evaluating a company’s economic
prospects and risks.
Financial Statement Analysis (2)

Business analysis includes analyzing a

company’s business environment, its
strategies, and its financial position
and performance.

Business analysis is useful in a wide

range of business decisions.
Financial Statement Analysis (3)

Financial statement analysis is the

application of analytical tools and
techniques to general-purpose
financial statements and related data
to derive estimates and inferences
useful in business analysis.
Financial Statement Analysis (4)

Financial statement analysis reduces

reliance on hunches, guesses, and
intuition for business decisions.
Syarat Laporan Keuangan
Kelemahan Laporan
Keuangan
Exercise

Identify at least five different internal and

external users of financial statements.
And explain why financial statements are
important to the decision-making process
in financial analysis for the users.