Reliability & Maintenance

Learning Objectives
 Know the definition of reliability and the factors
associated with it.
 Understand the concepts of Reliability, Availability and
Maintainability Engineering.
 Know the techniques for Reliability analysis.
 Calculate the failure rate under different conditions.
 Understand the failure and reliability curves as a factor
of time
Reliability Definition
 Generally defined as the ability of a product to perform, as
expected, over certain time.
 Formally defined as the probability that an item, a product,
piece of equipment, or system will perform its intended
function for a stated period of time under specified
operating conditions.
 In the simplest sense, reliability means how long an item
(such as a machine) will perform its intended function
without a breakdown.
 Reliability is performance over time, probability that
something will work when you want it to.
The four important elements of Reliability
definition
1. Probability (A value between 0 and 1, number of
times that an event occurs (success) divided by total
number trials)
e.g. probability of 0.91 means that 91 of 100 items
will still be working at stated time under stated
conditions
2. Performance (Some criteria to define when and how
product fails, which also describes what is considered
to be satisfactory system operation)
e.g. amount of beam collisions, etc
Elements of Reliability definition Cont’d
3. Time (system working until time (t), used to predict
probability of an item surviving without failure for a
designated period of time)
4. Operating conditions These describe the operating
conditions (environmental factors, humidity, vibration,
shock, temperature cycle, operational profile, etc.) that
correspond to the stated product life.
 UNIT ONE

Introduction to Industrial Safety

 Evaluate the Factories Act.

 Describe statutory requirements for common equipment.
 Analyze the safety management structure.
 Evaluate task and job hazard analysis.
 Identify the correct lock-out /safety clearance procedure.
 Plan for hazardous conditions at the workplace
 Analyze the safety aspects of design.
 State the use of interlocks, safety valves and warning lights.
 Know the use of machine guards
 Differentiate between standards and codes.
  
Industrial safety

Refers to the management of all operations and

events within an industry in order to protect its
employees and assets by minimizing hazards,
risks, accidents, and near misses. 
Industrial safety is overseen by federal, state,
and local laws and regulations.
How important is Industrial safety?
 It safeguards human life,
 especially in high risk areas such as
 nuclear,
 aircraft,
 chemical,
 oil and gases,
 and mining industries, where a mistake can be catastrophic.
 Industrial Safety reduces risks to people, and processes
Types of industrial safety systems

 There are three main types of industrial safety systems

in process industry:
 Process Safety System or Process Shutdown System,

(PSS).
 Safety Shutdown System (SSS): This includes

Emergency Shutdown-(ESD) and

 Emergency Depressurization-(EDP) Systems
The Factories Act.
 An act to make provision for the registration and
supervision of factories, and for the safety of workers
employed therein
 Types of hazards
• Physical – Slippery floors, objects in walkways, unsafe or
misused machinery, excessive noise, poor lighting, fire.
• Chemical – Gases, dusts, fumes, vapours and liquids.
• Ergonomic – poor design of equipment, workstation
design, (postural) or workflow, manual handling, repetitive
movement.
Assignment # 1
Arrange yourselves into three (3) groups: 1, 2 & 3 and each
group prepare a 2 to 3 minutes presentation on one of the
above type of hazards and its affect on a worker at the
workplace.
Readings for next class
 Go through the factory Act sent to your e-mail and
prepare of a short Quiz (PART I to PART IV of the Act)
and on todays presentation.

END