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  • Parathyroid Gland: Dr. R. Kalliecharan

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    The parathyroid gland is located on the posterior surface of the thyroid gland and is composed of pairs of superior and inferior glands derived from the endoderm of the third and fourth pharyngeal pouches. It contains two cell types: principal cells that secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH) and oxyphil cells of unknown function. When calcium levels in the blood are low, principal cells secrete PTH which acts on the kidneys and bones to increase blood calcium levels by promoting calcium absorption in the kidneys and mobilization from bone.

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    The parathyroid gland is located on the posterior surface of the thyroid gland and is composed of pairs of superior and inferior glands derived from the endoderm of the third and fourth pharyngeal pouches. It contains two cell types: principal cells that secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH) and oxyphil cells of unknown function. When calcium levels in the blood are low, principal cells secrete PTH which acts on the kidneys and bones to increase blood calcium levels by promoting calcium absorption in the kidneys and mobilization from bone.

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    5 views6 pages

    Parathyroid Gland: Dr. R. Kalliecharan

    Uploaded by

    No Stradamus
    The parathyroid gland is located on the posterior surface of the thyroid gland and is composed of pairs of superior and inferior glands derived from the endoderm of the third and fourth pharyngeal pouches. It contains two cell types: principal cells that secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH) and oxyphil cells of unknown function. When calcium levels in the blood are low, principal cells secrete PTH which acts on the kidneys and bones to increase blood calcium levels by promoting calcium absorption in the kidneys and mobilization from bone.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    PARATHYROID GLAND

    Dr. R. Kalliecharan
    Location and Histology
    • Is located on posterior surface
    of Thyroid
    • Composed of 1 pr of superior glands
    (which arise from endoderm of 4th
    pharyngeal pouch) and 1 pr of inferior
    glands (from 3th pharyngeal pouch ).
    • Histology---2 cell types
    Cell Types
    • 1) Principal (Chief) cells secrete
    PTH
    • ( parathyroid hormone)
    • 2) Oxyphil cells –function unknown,
    has acidophilic cytoplasm, many
    mito. And pyknotic nuclei.
    Chief Cells
    • Low Ca++ in blood causes PTH secretion from
    chief cells
    • PTH acts on osteoclasts via osteoblasts to
    increase Ca++ in blood from bone
    • PTH acts on Kidneys to(a)  Ca++ in
    blood
    • And(b) cause the formation of Vit D (calcitriol)
    which  intestinal absorption of Ca++

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