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Integrated Assessment and Planning

for
Sustainable Development
Session 1

Jan Joost Kessler

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 Click to of
Aim edit
theMaster
sessiontitle style

To be able to explain the relationship of the

IAP approach to other assessment methods

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 Expected benefits from an
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IAP approach
• Creates insight on impacts of trade policies on ESE
dimensions (environment and poverty).
• Informs policy makers including negotiators of trade
agreements.
• Develops policy packages that help strengthen sustainable
development and poverty reduction through trade.
• Enhances transparency and participation in policy dialogue
and decision-making.
• Saves time and money by a coherent development approach.

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Methods to enhance Sustainable
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Development

• Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

• Social Impact Assessment (SIA)
• Health Impact Assessment (HIA)
• Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA)
• Integrated Assessment (IA)
• Poverty and Social Impact Assessment (PSIA)
• Sustainability Assessment (SA)
• Etc.

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Click to edit Master
Environmental title style
Assessment

«  A systematic process for evaluating and

documenting information on the potentials,
capacities and functions of natural systems and
resources in order to facilitate sustainable
development planning and decision making in
general, and to anticipate and manage the adverse
effects and consequences of proposed
undertakings in particular. » (Sadler, 1996)

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Environmental Impact Assessment
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(EIA)

«  Systematic examination of the consequences of a

project, with a view of improving overall
environmental quality, by reducing or mitigating the
negative consequences and capitalising on the
positive ones.  »
Other definitions emphasise the process, or
integration of social impacts.

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Question forMaster title style
discussion

Which other environmental assessment

methods do exist?

What are the differences between them?

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Strategic Environmental Assessment
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(SEA)

« A systematic process for evaluating the

environmental consequences of proposed policy,
plan or programme initiatives to ensure they are
properly included and appropriately addressed at
the earliest possible stage of decision making, on
a par with economic and social considerations. »
(Thérivel et al., 1994; Sadler & Verheem, 1996)

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Strategic Environmental Assessment
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(SEA) (continued)

• Basically designed to address environmental

issues at strategic levels (i.e. of policies and
strategic plans) in stead of projects.
• Advantages: proactive approach, involvement of
decision makers at early stages, avoid better than
cure.
• Approaches and definitions vary according to
emphasis on the process, or level of integration.
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Click to editDevelopment
Sustainable Master title style

«  Sustainable development is development that

meets the needs of the present generation without
compromising the ability of future generations to
meet their own needs. »

(World Commission on Environment and Development,

1987)

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 Sustainable Development
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(continued)
• Maintaining and improving per capita well-being.
• Principles of intra- and inter-generational equity.
• Need to strike a balance between environmental,
economic and social (ESE) issues.
• Aims to reduce poverty, protect the environment
and stimulate economic growth - through trade.
• Is a continuous process of change based on
principles of good governance.

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Principles of sustainable development
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– good governance

• Quality of the process of change

• Participation by relevant stakeholders
• Transparency
• Accountability
• Quality of information

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 Dimensions of Sustainable
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Development
Economic objectives

economic and social

assessments

SD
Environmental
objectives
Social objectives

environmental assessment

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Question forMaster title style
discussion

Which methods on social and economic

assessment do you know?

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 From impact assessment to
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integrated assessment
Impact assessment – Impact assessment – social Impact assessment –
environmental dimension dimension (e.g. gender economic dimension (e.g.
(e.g. EIA, SEA, biodiversity assessment, poverty cost-benefit analysis,
assessment) assessment) economic models)

Integrated assessment – synergy, comparison

between dimensions (e.g. resource valuation,
scenarios)

Sustainability perspective: trade-off in time,

spatial aspects, equity aspects, norms and
standards

Environmental Economic
Social
sustainability sustainability
sustainability

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Click to edit
Question forMaster title style
discussion

Which methods do you know to integrate or

compare results of environmental, social
and economic (ESE) assessments?

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 Click to editAssessment
Integrated Master title style

• Compares the different impacts and addresses the

trade-offs between the three dimensions of
sustainable development.
• For UNEP the focus will be on the trade-offs
between trade (economic), environment and
poverty (social).

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Question forMaster title style
discussion

What are possible linkages between trade,

poverty and environment, both positive
and negative?

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 Click to edit Master
Sustainability title style
Assessment

Impact assessment – Impact assessment – social Impact assessment –

environmental dimension dimension (e.g. gender economic dimension (e.g.
(e.g. EIA, SEA, biodiversity assessment, poverty cost-benefit analysis,
assessment) assessment) economic models)

Integrated assessment – synergy, comparison

between dimensions (e.g. resource valuation,
scenarios)

Sustainability perspective: trade-off in time,

spatial aspects, equity aspects, norms and
standards

Environmental Economic
Social
sustainability sustainability
sustainability

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Sustainability title style
Framework

• Derived from sustainability policies or international

agreements, and/or by means of a stakeholder process
• Attention for spatial trade-off: HERE and THERE
• Attention for temporal trade-off: NOW and LATER
• Defines the criteria and norms of long-term and large-scale
concerns, i.e. what should be sustained for future
generations (later) and beyond the nation or locality (there).

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 Sustainability
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Perspective
title style

Space there and

planet
later
nation

community

family

myself
now

Time
next

next
election

life-time

generation
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Three levels of integration applied
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within IAP

• Substantive integration: environmental, social and

economic (ESE) pillars of sustainable development,
possibly including a sustainability framework for
long-term focus
• Integration of assessment methods and tools within
the planning process
• Integration of good governance issues in the
planning process: participation, transparency,
accountability, information access
• All of this at the strategic level of policies and plans

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Framework for integrated assessment
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of a planning process
Elements of planning Environmental, Trade-off, synergy Good governance
process social and economic against sustainability issues and criteria of
impacts and issues reference points a sound process
1. Initiation

Environmental, economic and

Sustainability goals, principles,

Participation, transparency,
accountability,ownership
social impact assessment
2. Analysis

standards, indicators
3. Design of strategy /
strategic planning

4. Design of actions /
operational planning

5. Implementation and
monitoring

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Click to edit
Question forMaster title style
discussion

How do the various assessment methods

that we have discussed fit into the
framework for IAP (figure on slide 23)?

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• Form four groups by region (Africa, Latin

America, Asia, Europe including Lebanon)
• Work on the UNEP IAP Framework to
answer the question (Pick at least 5 methods
from handout 1 based on your own
experience)
• Prepare presentation on flipchart
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Improving the planning process
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through IAP
• IAP aims to improve an existing planning process by
integrating assessment methods and tools in the
planning process.
• IAP explores and evaluates interactions between the
ESE dimensions of sustainable development,
assesses possible trade-offs and/or synergies
• IAP places these consequences in a sustainability
perspective.
• IAP aims to ensure that the process of planning and
assessment meets good governance principles.
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