UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES

VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY

Group 7: Vu Que Anh

Nguyen Thi Thanh
Nguyen Thi Chi Linh

3B PRESENTATION
https://biology3g1b.weebly.com/complications.html https://www.dailymail.co.uk

https://www.indiatoday.in https://www.pinterest.com
CAUSES OF GENETIC DISORDERS

I. THE BASIC INFORMATION OF GENETIC DISORDERS

II. CAUSES OF GENETIC DISORDERS
BASIC INFORMATION OF
GENETIC DISORDERS
 1. DEFINITION
A disease caused in whole or in part by a change in the
DNA sequence from the normal one

https://cocheditruyenvabiendi.weebly.com
• Most genetic disorders:
 Be rare
 Affect one person in every thousands or millions

www.nrshealthcare.co.uk/articles/news/what-is-it-like-to-live-with-a-rare-disease
 2. FOUNDATION
 Genes: Sections of DNA determining human characteristics

 The combination among genes: one gene can combine

with one or more genes, which is passed down from
generation to generation
 “Genes numbering up to 30,000 per cell combinations, outcomes
seemingly go on forever”
(What Causes Human Genetic Disorders - Marie Louise Brumit, 2013 )

 Errors: Occasionally happening

=> Example: Develop mutations
 3. EXPLANATION
 Genetic disorders passed down from the parents genes.

 The new mutations or changes to DNA: the defect will be

only passed down if it occurs in the germ life.
 Cause of some forms of cancers: an inherited genetic
condition; new mutations; environmental factors and
events.
 Recessive gene disorder may be beneficial in certain
environments
CAUSES OF GENETIC
DISORDERS
“Environmental contaminants such as chemicals and
industrial products are responsible for approximately 10
percent of all birth defects”
(Birth Defects And Environmental Causes - The Oshman Firm, 2018)
 1. SUBJECTIVE CAUSES
Harmful Content
Substances
• Be a hazardous substance 
• Be included in polluted soil, paint, handling of crystal, ceramics,
Lead and crafts materials, etc.
• Some birth defects: miscarriage, neurological damage,
developmental delays, etc.
• Some kinds: maneb, nitrofen, fungicides, etc.
Pesticides • Interrupt the endocrine system and increase the risk of birth
defects

• Be included in furnace gas fumes, automobile & industrial

Carbon exhaust, cigarette smoke, etc.
Monoxide
• Increase the risk of low birth weight and premature delivery.
 2. OBJECTIVE CAUSES

https://debuglies.com/2018/07/10/gene-editing-technique-cures-genetic-disorder-in-utero/
Monogenetic disorder

Multifactorial inheritance disorders

Chromosomes disorders
 Monogenetic disorder
 Caused by a mutation in a single care.
 
 “Scientists currently estimate that over 10,000 of human
diseases are known to be monogenic.”
(Genes And Human Disease, WHO)

 2 main categories:
 Dominant: Huntington's disease and Marfan syndrome
 Recessive: cystic fibrosis and Tay-Sachs disease.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E6GIaobf4Sg&t=23s
 Multifactorial inheritance disorders
 Caused by a combination of small inherited variations in genes.
 Diseases: heart disease, diabetes, and most cancers.
 Mutation depends on relationships.
Degrees of relationship Percentage of Genes in Example
Common

First Degree Relative 50 percent Parents, children, siblings

Second Degree Relative 25 percent Aunts, uncles, nieces, nephews,

grandparents

Third Degree Relative 12.5 percent First cousins

Multifactorial Inheritance and Birth Defects, Children's Hospital Of Philadelphia

 Chromosomes disorders
 Caused by the loss or gain of chromosomes; or by structural changes.

 Some diseases: down syndrome, turner, blood cancer, etc.

 Several forms of structural abnormalities:

https://www.yourgenome.org/facts/what-is-a-chromosome-disorder
 LEAD

SUBJECTIVE CAUSES
(HARMFUL PESTICIDES
SUBSTANCES)
CARBON MONOXIDE

CAUSES OF
GENETIC MONOGENETIC DISORDER
DISORDERS

MULTIFACTORIAL
INHERITANCE DISORDERS
OBJECTIVE CAUSES

CHROMOSOMES
DISORDERS
REFERENCE LIST:
1. https://thefhfoundation.org/causes-human-genetic-disorders
2. https://www.genome.gov/19016930/faq-about-genetic-disorders/
3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E6GIaobf4Sg&t=23s
4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JOh45mkMGGc&t=22s
5. https://biology3g1b.weebly.com/complications.html
6. https://www.dailymail.co.uk
7. https://www.indiatoday.in
8. https://www.pinterest.com
9. https://cocheditruyenvabiendi.weebly.com
10. www.nrshealthcare.co.uk/articles/news/what-is-it-like-to-live-with-a-rare-disease
11. https://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/birth-defects-causes-and-statistics-863
12. http://www.who.int/genomics/public/geneticdiseases/en/index2.html
13. https://www.yourgenome.org/facts/what-is-a-chromosome-disorder
14. https://www.oshmanlaw.com/toxic-tort/birth-defects-environmental-causes/
15.http://www.naturallivingcenter.net/ns/DisplayMonograph.asp?
StoreID=b571dewxvcs92jj200akhmccqa7w8v75&DocID=genomic-multifactorialdisorders