Engineering Graphics & Design

(MECH1052)

1. Basic Introduction
 Classification

Sketches
Artistic
(conceptual)
All Drawings
Diagrams (design
Technical & technical)

Drawings
(technical/engin
eering)
 Artistic Drawing

The art of an representation of an object by the artist by his imagination

or by keeping the object before him.

e.g. paintings, cinema posters, advertisement board etc.

 Engineering Drawing

The art of representation of engineering object.

e.g. building, roads, machines etc
 Engineering Drawing contd.
Drawing is a process of conceiving or inventing ideas and
communicating those ideas to others in a form that is understood easily
-Bertoline

Engineering Design is a systematic process by which solutions to the

needs of humankind are obtained
-Eide

Design is the act of creating the specifications for a product or process

that best satisfies the design criteria.
-Lockhart
 Importance of Engineering Drawing
 Helps as a reference to workers, technicians or
architects.

 Easy to understand : Since a picture is easiest method

than thousand words, a technical drawing is a much
more effective tool for engineers than a written plan.

 Engineering drawings is used in all engineering fields,

including, but not limited to, civil engineering, electrical
engineering, mechanical engineering and architecture.

 As an engineering drawing display a precise picture of

the object to be produced, it conveys the same picture
and information to every trained eye. That is why it is the
graphic language and called the universal language of
engineers.
Drawing Equipments and Instruments
 Drawing board
 Drawing sheets or papers
 Mini-drafter / Drafting machine / T- square
 Set-squares
 Scale / Diagonal Scale
 Protractor
 Drawing pencils
 Pencil Sharpener, Pencil Eraser, Sand Paper Pad
 Dusting cloth
 Board Clamps or drawing pins
 French or irregular curves etc.
 Drawing Board

 Drawing boards are usually made of strips of well seasoned pine or soft
wood about 25mm thick.
 It is cleated at the back by two battens to prevent warping.
 One of the edges of the board is used as the working edge, made of hard
and durable wood, on which T- square is made to slide.
 Drawing Board Continue…

The size of drawing board will depend upon the size of the
paper used. Bureau of Indian Standard (BIS) (IS: 1444-
1989) recommends the sizes for the drawing board, as given
in Table below

Sl. No Designation Size (mm x mm)

01 B0 1500 × 1000

02 B1 1000 × 700

03 B2 700 × 500

04 B3 500 × 350
Drawing sheets or papers
Drawing sheets or papers
Drawing paper is available in the market in the following given
standard sizes. These sizes are as per BIS (IS: 10711-1983)
recommendations:

Sl. No. Designation Trimmed size (mm) Untrimmed size (mm)

1 A0 1189 × 841 1230 × 880

2 A1 841 × 594 880 × 625

3 A2 594 × 420 625 × 450

4 A3 420 × 297 450 × 330

5 A4 297 × 210 330 × 240

Drawing sheets or papers
 Title Block
The size of the title block as recommended by the B.I.S. is
185mm × 65mm for all designations of the drawing sheet. All
title blocks should contain at least the following particulars
1.Name of the Firm/Institute/ Organization
2.Title of the drawing
3.Scale
4.Symbol for the method of projection
5.Drawing number
6.Initials with dates of persons who designed, drawn, checked, and approved.
7.Number of sheet and total number of sheets of the drawing of the object.
 T-Square

 T-square consists of two parts- the stock and the blade-joined together at right
angles to each other by means of screws and pins.
 The stock is placed adjoining the working edge of the board and is made to
slide on it as and when required.
 The blade lies on the surface of the board and its beveled edge is used as the
working edge and hence, it should be perfectly straight.
T-Square Continue…..
 Set-Square

 These are available in pairs. One is

60°-30° set-square and another is
45° - 45° set square.
 Used to draw vertical, inclined and
parallel lines and angles
Set-Square Continue….
 Drafting Machine

 A drafting machine is used by professional draftsman to produce the

drawings with ease and rapidity.
 It combines all the functions of the T-square, Set-square, protractor etc. A
simplified miniature version of the drafting machine called mini-drafter.
Drawing Instrument Box
Compass, Divider, Small Bow Compass
Scales
 Protractor

 This is made of wood, tin, or celluloid.

 Protractor will be either semicircular or circular.
 It is used to set up or measure any given angle.
 French Curve, Board Clip

 French curves are made of wood,

Board Clip are used to fix
plastic or celluloid. the drawing paper on the
 They are made in various shapes. drawing board.
 French curves are used for
drawing curves which cannot be
drawn with a compass.
Drawing Pencils
 Drawing Pencils
 Wooden Pencil : 6B, 5B, 4B, 3B, 2B, B, HB, H, 2H, 3H,
…,9H
 Mechanical Clutch Pencil : 0.5mm thick of H, 2H and HB
grades lead are preferred

Miscellaneous
 Circle Template
 Pencil Sharpener
 Pencil Eraser (Rubber)
 Sand Paper Pad
 Adhesive Tape
 Dusting Cloth
Miscellaneous
 Next Class Students need to carry

 Drawing Sheet with Title Block and Margin

 Instrument Box
 T-Square
 Set Square
 Pencil
 Drawing Notebook
Thank You