DEMOCRAC

Y
BY:FURQAN ULLAH

REG NO : 109-FSL/LLB5Y/S20

SUBJECT: POLITICAL SCIENCE

TEACHER: SIR NASEER AHMAD

 FURQAN
ULLAH
INTRODUCTION

  Democracy is not merely a form of government .

It is also a form a state as a well society. It is
closely associated with participation,
competition and civil and political liberties. It is
order of society.
 Democracy is defined as a form of government
in which the supreme power is vested in the
people and exercised by them directly or
indirectly through a system of representation
usually involving periodic free elections.
 FURQAN
MEAINING ULLAH

 Democracy refers to a political system in which

government is form by the people, exercised
either directly or through elected representative.
 Democracy can’t come into being without people.
 Only that party can form government which has
an overwhelming majority, in this all the citizens
of the state enjoy equal rights and privileges.
Mean no one is considered superior to other.
 Political parties are the backbone of democracy,
without them, it is dictatorship not democracy.
 Democracy requires and teaches patience. One
learns how to tolerate others. Like all other
systems
 FURQAN
ULLAH

A system can be termed as a genuine and

comprehensive democracy only when it fulfills both
political and socio-economic aspects of people’ s
participation and satisfaction.
 There may be two major categories: (a)political
conditions, and (b) social and economic conditions –
the fulfillment of the first leads to political
democracy and the second as social democracy .
MAIN POINTS REG NO :
109
  People Elected government
 There is freedom of speech
 There is no one party government In the country
 Right to give vote to elect their representatives
 The common people, considered as the primary
source of political power
 The principles of social equality and respect for
the individual within a community.
 Government of the people, by the people and for
the people
 FURQAN
ULLAH
  It defines as government by the people in which the supreme power
is vested in the people and exercised directly by them or by their
elected agents under a free electoral system. 
 Abraham Lincoln:-Democracy is a government “of the people, by the
people, and for the people.
 Most definitions of democracy focus on qualities, procedures, and
institutions.
  The word ‘democracy’ itself means ‘rule by the people.
A democracy is a system where people can change their rulers in a
peaceful manner and the government is given the right to rule
because the people say it may.
 Government by the people, especially- rule of the majority.
 REG NO:
109
A government in which the supreme power is vested
in the people and exercised by them directly or
indirectly through a system of representation usually
involving periodically held free elections. 
A political unit that has a democratic government. 
The term ‘democracy’ comes from the Greek word
demokratia which means “rule of the people”. It
was coined from two words: demos that means
“people” and Kratos which refers to “power”. That
is, in a democracy the power rests with the people.
 FURQAN
ULLAH
DEFINITIONS
 MacIver:

Democracy is a form of state is merely a mode of

appointing, controlling and dismissing a government.
 Gettel:
Democracy is that form of government in which
the masses of the population possesses the right to
share in the exercise of sovereign power.
 Bryce:

Democracy really means nothing more or less than

the rule of the whole people, expressing their
Sovereign will by their votes.
 FURQAN
PRINCIPALS OF DEMOCRACY ULLAH

o Constitution
o Free elections
o Government by consent of the people
o Majority Rule
o Rule of law
o Guarantees rights and freedoms
o Change the Government
o Open Society
o Political Equality
o Freedom to live or travel anywhere in the country
o Importance of Public Opinion
o Participation of people in decision making process
o Role of opposition party.
 FURQAN
WHY WE PREFER DEMOCRACY ULLAH

To lead the country to development

Element of decentralization
To rise of political institutions
Right to commerce
Spread of education
Free Media
Independent Judiciary
 FURQAN
MERITS ULLAH

Democracies give people a chance to become

personally involved with their government.
It is government for the people
It works for the welfare of citizens
It gives people the authority to vote and change the
government
A democracy encourages equality in a positive way.
Democracies usually grow faster economically than
other forms of government.
There is more consistency available in democracy
than other government structures.
 REG
NO:109

Democracy does not create a centralized power base for ruling over

 

the people.
Countries who use democracy are less likely to enter into armed

conflicts
.

It encourages centrism more than extremism.


It gives an importance to the education of man

People feel a sense of self-help, security and responsibility.

Democracy improves the quality of Decision Making

Democracy provides a method to deal with differences and conflicts

Democracy allows people to correct their own mistakes

In a democracy, people rule themselves as leaders are elected by

them
DEMERITS
 Democracy is ineffective unless voters educate themselves on
governing decisions.
 The structure of democracy depends upon the will of the majority.
 The cost of democracy is something that many people don’t realize
exists.
 Democracy requires more time to implement changes.
  Thestructure of a democracy is a person-first process.
Elections usually involve the opinions or thoughts of each person
based on what individuals want for themselves. Instead of looking
at what might be useful for the rest of society.
 Democracy is all about political competition and power play. There
is no scope for morality.
 Consultation in a democracy from many people leads to
delays.
 Not knowing the best interest of the people by the
elected leaders leads to bad decisions.
 Democracy leads to corruption for it is based on
electoral competition.
 Noone bothers to shoulder the common responsibility
when a trouble
 It is an inefficient government
 The Election Of Illiterate And Uneducated People Which
Cause Of Disputes.
HISTORY OF DEMOCRACY
 FIRST DEMOCRATIC RULE (1988-1990)
• 1st open elections were held in November1988 and the Pakistan
Peoples Party won and Benazir was elected as Prime Minister.
Ghulam Ishaq Khan in 1990 using the eighteenth amendment
dismissed her from the post of Prime Minister Of Pakistan.
 SECOND DEMOCRATIC RULE (1990-1993)
•  Parliamentaryelections were held by the election commission of
Pakistan PML(N) got the chance to rule the country. But In 1993
Nawaz government encountered a similar fate and was deposed by
Ishaaq Khan.
 THIRD DEMOCRATIC RULE (1993-1996)
•  Elections were held again and Pakistan Peoples Party stood victorious. Mohtarma
Benazir Bhutto became the Prime Minister. The corruption was at its height. In
1996 President Farooq Laghari deposed this government.
 FOURTH DEMOCRATIC RULE (1997-1999)
• 1997 Parliamentary elections were held and as result of which
Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz) won.  In 1999 Parvez
Musharraf took over the government.
 FIFTH DEMOCRATIC RULE ( 2008-2013)
• PPP Co-chairman Asif Ali Zardari was elected the president in
September 2008, and that completed the process of the
restoration of a civilian and elected government in the country.
 KINDS OF DEMOCRACY
 TWO DIFFERENT TYPES:
 PARLIAMENTARY
 PRESIDENTIAL
Main difference is legislative and executive branches.
 Executive = head of government
• Legislative = how laws are made
Parliament = Legislature (Laws)
 Parliament controls the power
 Head of government is a prime minister chosen by the
legislature
 Prime Minister and cabinet are members of the legislature
 Prime minister answers to the legislature (fusion of powers)
 Government will stay in office for a specified period unless the
prime minister loses support of the majority on an important vote.
 If this occurs- the P.M. must resign and elections are held
immediately.
PRESIDENTIAL
 The executive and legislative branches are separate bodies elected
independently by the citizens.
 Separation of Powers
 There are checks and balances where each branch can overrule the
other.
 The president answers to the voters, not the legislature.
 The people elect the president, and elections are held at set
intervals
DEMOCRACY IN PAKISTAN
 Unfortunately, democracy in Pakistan has never flourished
 It has been a plaything in the hands of fortune seekers
 Pakistan has faced the problems of unstable government since birth
 Itis still a dream. The causes of instability are illiterate masses,
political leaders and the dictators.
 The inefficient people elect who don’t know their role in government
 After their election, they feather their nest and pave the way for
corruption. The bribery,nepotism and favouritism prevail over the
society.
 Such ineffiecient representatives remain busy in party clashes.They
forget their duties and cause failure of democracy.
 Inmy point of view, today democracy in our country is not a
democracy but a hypocrisy.
 FURQAN

CONCLUSION ULLAH
REG NO:109

 Thus it is concluded that if our old leaders

had been sincere with democracy and had
sacrificed their personal interests for the
sake of nation,the present situation would
not have been so crucial.