A seminar presentation for the partial

fulfillment of Master degree in environmental

science

Concept and method of Research

Presented By, Presented to,

Vijay Kumar Joshi Dr. H.K. Sharma
M.Sc. 4nd sem (HOD SOS Environmental science)
Index
• Definition of Research
• Purpose of research
• Method of research
• Research Process
• references
What is Research?
Research in common parlance refers to a search for knowledge. Once
can also define research as a scientific and systematic search for
pertinent information on a specific topic. In fact, research is an art of
scientific investigation.
The Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English lays down the
meaning of research as “a careful investigation or inquiry specially
through search for new facts in any branch of knowledge.”
Redman and Mory define research as a “systematized effort to gain new
knowledge.”

D.Slesinger and M. Stephenson define research is “the manipulation of

things, concepts or symbols for the purpose of generalising to extend,
correct or verify knowledge, whether that. knowledge aids in
construction of theory or in the practice of an art.
Purpose of Research
• Exploratory
• Descriptive
• Explanatory
Exploratory

Exploratory  As the name suggests, researchers conduct exploratory

studies to explore a group of questions. The answers and analytics may
not offer a conclusion to the perceived problem. It is undertaken to
handle new problem areas that haven’t been explored before. This
exploratory process lays the foundation for more conclusive data
collection and analysis.
Descriptive

 It focuses on expanding knowledge on current issues through a process

of data collection. Descriptive studies describe the behavior of a sample
population. Only one variable is required to conduct the study. The three
primary purposes of descriptive studies are describing, explaining, and
validating the findings.
Explanatory

Explanatory: Causal or explanatory research is conducted to understand

the impact of specific changes in existing standard procedures. Running
experiments is the most popular form.
Research methods

Research methods are the strategies, processes or techniques utilized in

the collection of data or evidence for analysis in order to uncover new
information or create better understanding of a topic.
Types of research methods

• Qualitative methods
• Quantitative methods
• Mixed method research
Qualitative methods

Qualitative research is a method that collects data using conversational

methods, usually open-ended questions. The responses collected are essentially
non-numerical. This method helps a researcher understand what participants
think and why they think in a particular way.

• Types of qualitative methods include:

1.One-to-one Interview
2.Focus Groups
3.Ethnographic studies
4.Document Analysis
Quantitative methods

Quantitative methods deal with numbers and measurable forms. It uses

a systematic way of investigating events or data. It answers questions to
justify relationships with measurable variables to either explain, predict,
or control a phenomenon.

• Types of quantitative methods include:

1.Survey research
2.Descriptive research
3.Correlational research
Mixed method research

Mixed Methods Research integrates both Qualitative and Quantitative

Research. It provides a holistic approach combining and analyzing the
statistical data with deeper contextualized insights. Using Mixed
Methods also enables Triangulation, or verification, of the data from
two or more sources.
Research Process
Research process consists of series of actions or steps necessary to
effectively carry out research and the desired sequencing of these steps.
References
1. Research methodology method & techniques By C.R. kothari
2. https://libguides.newcastle.edu.au/researchmethods#:~:text=Researc
h%20methods%20are%20the%20strategies,different%20tools
%20for%20data%20collection.