A geometric series is the

sum of the terms of a

geometric sequence.
1.) In the field of medicine, how does
geometric series applied?

2.)How does geometric series apply in

terms of population growth?

3.) Is learning geometric series useful

in the industry of business?
 1.) In the field of
medicine, how does
geometric series
applied?
 When a drug given to a patient at a
regular intervals, the moment that the
drug is broken down by the body, its
concentration in the bloodstream
decreases but it doesn't disappear
completely before the next dose is
given.
 There are a possibility that the average of
drug concentration that left is increase. Thus
geometric series apply in some studies of
many researchers and laboratories who expert
in medicine, by using geometric series and its
formula to predict the dose concentration of a
drug to bloodstream of patient and to
understand how high the concentration can
go.
 From their studies, physician can
prescribe medicine to a patient in
effective dosage including the
proper time to take the medicine to
avoid over dose."
 Example: A doctor prescribes a 100-mg antibiotic tablet to be
taken every eight hours. Just before each tablet is taken, 20%
of the drug remains in the body

A. How much of the drug, in mg, is in the body just after the
second tablet is taken? After the third tablet?

B. If is the quantity of the antibiotic in the body just after the

nth tablet is taken, find an equation that expresses 1+1 in
terms of .

C. What quantity of the antibiotic remains in the body in the

long run?
2.)How does geometric
series apply in terms of
population growth?
Economist Thomas Malthus (1766-1834)
predicted that population would increase as a
geometric sequence and food production
would increase as an arithmetic sequence. He
concluded that eventually population would
exceed food production. If two sequences
one geometric and one arithmetic, are
increasing, the geometric sequence will
eventually overtake the arithmetic sequence,
regardless of any head start that the
arithmetic sequence might initially have.
Example 1: Geometric Population Growth
The table shows the population of the United
States in 2000, with estimates given by the
Census Bureau for 2001 through 2006.
First, we use the sequence of
population growth, 281.4, 284.5, 287.6,
290.8, and so on, to divide the
population for each year by the
population in the preceding year.
Continuing in this manner, we will keep
getting approximately 1.011. This
means that the population is increasing
geometrically with r≈1.011. The
population of the United States in any
year shown in the sequence is
approximately 1.011 times the
population the year before.
 b. The sequence of the U.S.
population growth is
281.4, 284.5, 287.6, 290.8, 294.0, 297.2,
300.5, … .

 
Because the population is increasing
geometrically, we can find the general term
of this sequence using
=⋅
In this sequence, a1=281.4 and [from part (a)]
r≈1.011. We substitute these Values into the
formula for the general term. This gives the
general term for the geometric sequence
modeling the U.S. population, in millions, n
years after 1999.

=281.4)a
 
 . We can use the formula for the general
term, an, in part (b) to project the U.S.
population for the year 2009. The year
2009 is 10 years after 1999— that is,
2009-1999=10. Thus, n=10. We
substitute 10 for n in an=281.4(1.011)n-1.
 =281.4=281.4≈310.5.

The model projects that the United States will

have a population of approximately 310.5 million
in the year 2009.
3.) Is learning geometric series
useful in the industry of
business?
Yes, it is useful. A widespread
application of geometric
sequences is found in bank
transactions (loans, investments).
During the duration of an investment, the value
of an investment can vary in function of
time. The study of an investment at different
dates produces a sequence of values. The
market index, for example, represents a random
sequence in itself. At some point, you
surely must have observed a curve of market
tendencies like this one
 Geometric series applications in financial
mathematics
 A person decides to deposit an amount in a savings
account, the last day of every
month for a full year. The first payment is done January 31
and the last, December 31.
The bank where the deposits are made offers a monthly
interest rate ݅ for this type of
account. How much will the person have accumulated at the
end of the year,
immediately after having deposited the last payment the 31
of December?
• This type of problem, where
we need to consider a certain
number of equal deposits at
regular intervals, can be
resolved with geometric
series.
 The value of a deposit after n capitalization
periods at rate i is obtained from the relation .
You will have noticed the form of a
geometric series of common ratio
1+i. By applying
the general formula
Note :
In financial mathematics, we generally
denote the value of each deposit by "PMT
=principal payment" and the number of
deposits by “n". Immediately after the last
deposit, the acquired value (FV=future value)
after a sequence of n equal deposits done at
regular intervals at a periodic interest rate
“i", is given by the formula :
The interest period considered
for the rate "݅" must correspond
to the period between two
consecutive deposits.
Example
A person deposits an amount of 1 000 $ at the
bank. The
bank offers this person an annual return of 6 %
of his investment, i.e. the deposited sum will
increase by an interest of 6 % at the end of each
year. If the person leaves the
interest in the account, the annual evolution of
the investment is given in the following
table:
 
The temporal evolution of the
investment is a geometric
sequence. Since = + 0,06 the
sequence of accumulated values of
the investment is geometric of
common ratio 1,06.