Indian philosophy

Indian schools Samkhya 1

Dualist and atheist
Of philosophy
(Darshana) Atheistic Nyaya
School of Logic
2
Those who reject
god
Vaisheshika 3
School of Empiricism

Astika Yoga 4
Advaita
Non Dualism
6
The Patanjali yoga sutra

Theistic 7
Vedanta ( Uttara Mimasa) 5 Vishishta Advaita
Those who accept Vedas
as the primary source of knowledge Those who
do not reject god
Purva Mimasa Dvaita 8
School of orthopraxy ( right 9 School of Dualism
conduct)

Charvaka 10
School of Materialism

Nastik Non-Vedic
philosophies but of
Jainism 11

a Indian origin
12
Buddhism

Those who do not accept Vedas

as the primary source of knowledge
Indian schools
Of philosophy
Raseśvara Paniniya
Cārvāka Dvaita Vedanta

01 चार्वाक
Rationalist, no religion, no god, no
rituals, no rebirth, one life and that is all
05 द्वैत वेदांत
God (Vishnu) and the individual souls (
09 •
•
रसेश्वरः
Liberation is unifying the soul with Shiva
Liberation is possible only through use of
13 चार्वाक
Rationalist, no religion, no god, no
rituals, no rebirth, one life and that is all
jīvātman) exist as independent realities,
mercury
Vishnu (Narayana) is independent, and souls
• This system is no longer practiced except
are dependent on him
by a few

Samkhya
Buddhism
Vaisheshika
14
Nakulisa-Paśupata बुद्ध धर्म
02 06
बुद्ध धर्म
10
वैशेषिक 4 Truths & 8 Noble path
4 Truths & 8 Noble path • knowledge and liberation were achievable by a Believes life is suffering but there is a
Not much is known about this school
Believes life is suffering but there is a complete understanding of the world of way to get liberated
way to get liberated experience
• It is a form of atomism in natural philosophy

Nyaya Patanjali

03
Jainism (Arhata)
जैन धर्म
4 Truths & 8 Noble path
07
Shaivism
शैव
• Shiva is the creator, preserver, and destroyer
11 न्याय
• literally means "rules", "method" or
15 जैन धर्म
4 Truths & 8 Noble path
"judgment" Belives in atma, karma, samsara,
Belives in atma, karma, samsara, • Shiva is the Atman (self, soul) within oneself • anything that really exists is in principle is rebirth and liberation
rebirth and liberation and every living being. humanly knowable

Vishisht-advaita Jaimini Advaita Vedanta

(Qualified Non Dualism)
04
(Ramanuja Sri Vaishnavism)
विशिष्टाद्वैत
• Atma is different from God but has the
potential to be one with God
• Vshnu is the only god
• Atma has the same qualities as
Brahman
• Moksha is only by surrender to God
• Life’s goal is to be one with Vishnu
12 16
Trika Shaivism
08
विशिष्टाद्वैत विशिष्टाद्वैत
(Kashmiri Shaivism) • Atma is different from God but has the • Atma is different from God but has the
प्रत्यभिज्ञा potential to be one with God
potential to be one with God
• Vshnu is the only god
• Vshnu is the only god
• Recognises Shiva as the supreme god • Atma has the same qualities as
• Atma has the same qualities as
• It is a tantric tradition Brahman
Brahman
• It is based on practice • Moksha is only by surrender to God
• Moksha is only by surrender to God
• Life’s goal is to be one with Vishnu
• Life’s goal is to be one with Vishnu
Mind, Intellect, Ego, Chitta, Five sense, Seven elements,
Five sheats, prana,
 astika Nastika

Orthodox Heterothodox

A Sensible person is :
Calm, Levelheaded & Makes wise decision
Indian schools
Of philosophy Samkhya
School of dualism
(Darshana)
Atheistic Nyaya
School of Logic
Those who reject
god
Vaisheshika
School of Empiricism

Nastika

Yoga
The Patanjali yoga sutra

Advaita
Theistic Non Dualism
Purva Mimasa
School of orthopraxy ( right
Those who conduct)
do not reject god Vishisht Advaita
Vedanta ( Uttara Mimasa)
Those who do not accept Vedas
as the primary source of knowledge
Dvaita
School of Dualism
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A Sensible person is :
Calm, Levelheaded & Makes wise decision
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