Q. What is a Computer?

 ………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Q. What are the significant features / Characteristic of Computers?
Speed  ………………………………………………………………………….
 Speed measure unit is MIPS or BIPS. ( Million / Billions of Instructions
Per Second)
Accuracy 

Reliability 

Versatility 

Consistency 

Storage Capacity 

Cost 

Intelligence 

Q. Classified the computer according to their types?

i. Physical Size
Type Features
Super Computers - have higher computing power
- used for scientific and engineering functions and
- To solve complex mathematical problems.
- Used in NAZA, large businesses and military purposes.

Mainframe Computers - ……………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………..

- used in large scale businesses

Mini Computers - ……………………………………………………………………………..

- ……………………………………………………………………………..

Micro Computers - ……………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………..
Eg. Laptop, Smart Phone

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 ii. Technology
Type Features
Analog Computers - ……………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………..
Eg. Speedometers, road lamps with sensors and
meteorological machines

Digital Computers - ……………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………..
Eg.:

Hybrid Computers - ……………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………..

Eg. :

Q. Explain Analog and digital signal with the diagram?

Review Questions:
01. Underline correct Computer classification according to size.
1) Digital computers, Hybrid computers and Analog computers.
2) Main frame computers, Mini computers and Microcomputers.
3) Valve computers, Transistor computers and IC computers.
4) Laptop computers, Super computers and server computers
02. Which of the followings give special characteristics of computers?
1) Speedy. Intelligence, easy. 3) Feels, accuracy, efficient
2) Speedy, accuracy, efficient. 4) Memory, in-diligence, efficient.
03. Which shows the correct classification of computers, according to “Technology”?
1) Laptop computers, Super computers, Server computers.
2) Digital computers, Analog computers, Hybrid computers.
3) Main frame computers, Mini computers, Microcomputers.
4) General purpose computers, Special purpose computers.

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Q. Explain the function of a computer with the help of diagram?

Data/Instruction Flow: (Dotted Line)

 Data and instructions fed to the computer via an input device first go to the ………………….
 Then those are sent to the ………………. for processing.
 The processed data stored in the ………………………………..
 Information is sent to the ……………………….. for display.
 Information is saved permanently to the ……………………...
 The stored information can be sent to an output device through Primary Memory.

Commands/Control: (Solid Line)

 Control Unit sends the control signals to all the devices attached to the computer system.

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 Basic Physical Components of a Computer
System

 Computer Hardware - Are physical parts/ intangible parts of a computer.

Eg. Input devices, output devices, central processing unit, storage devices and
Communication devices.
 Computer Software - also known as programs or applications. They are classified into two
classes namely - system software and application software
 Livewire - is the computer user. Also kwon as humanware. The user commands the computer
system to execute on instructions.

COMPUTER HARDWARE
 There are five main hardware components in a computer system:
Input, Processing, Storage, Output and Communication devices.

 Input Devices:

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 Input Devices Short Notes
 Normally keyboards come in two sizes.
 101/102 keys
 104/108 keys
 The functions of the keys
 Typing Keys (A-Z)
Keyboard
 Function Keys (F1 – F12)
 Special Keys (Tab, Caps Lock, Shift ..)
 Control Keys (Ctrl, Alt, Delete, End, Home…)
 Numeric Keys (0 – 9)

Mouse

Touch Screen  This is the input and output device

Joystick  Device used in computer games

 Used to select menu items on the screen or to draw/write

Light Pen
on the screen.

Digital Camera  This is the input and output device

 Used to maintain road safety and the security of

Closed Circuit TV (CCTV)
premises.
(MICR) - Magnetic Ink
 Used to check the accuracy of a cheque
Character Reader
(OCR) -Optical Character
 Used to capture text in a document
Recognition
(OMR) - Optical Mark
 Used to correct MCQs of exam papers.
Recognition

 Central Processing Unit

o This is also called the brain of the computer.

o CPU manages the operating system and application software.
o CPU consists of three main components.

Arithmetic and Logical Unit (ALU)

Control Unit (CU)

Memory Registers

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Computer Speed:
 The unit used to measure clock speed of a computer is Hertz (Hz).
 The units used to measure computer speed are Megahertz (MHz) and Gigahertz (GHz).

 Output Devices
Output Devices

Soft Copy Hard Copy Sound

 Monitor / Screen  Printers  Speaker

 Impact Printers

 Non Impact Printers

 பல்லூடக எறிவை (Multimedia 

Projector)


Output Devices Short Notes

(CRT) - Cathode Ray
Tube
(LCD) - Liquid Crystal
Display
(LED) - Light Emitting
Diode
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 large in size
 consumes …………. electricity
 …………. Viewing angle
 flat screen type
 liquid crystal solution
 consumes………………. electricity
 ……………… Viewing angle
 using light emitting diodes (LED)
 Suitable for billboard, Name Board or board in common
places
 low electricity consumption
 Output Devices Short Notes
 ………………… Viewing angle

 ink ribbon used

Dot Matrix  Its function it is noisy
 used in bank or shops for printing receipts
 It’s fast and prints one row at a time.
Line Printer  can print about 3000 lines per minute.

 printouts are better quickly

 it is not noisy
Laser Printers
 toner (dried ink) used
 produces clear and quality printouts

Bubble / Ink jet Printers  Ink Cartridge used

 Heat is used to print

Thermal Printers  used in businesses to print receipts in devices such as
like ATM, and in printing labels
 used in computer based planning (architectural designs,
Plotter
town planning, designing sailing boats etc).

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