THE GLOBAL

POPULATION AND
MOBILITY
SUB TOPICS:

• THE GLOBAL CITY

• THE GLOBAL MIGRATION
• THE GLOBAL DEMOGRAPHY
 THE GLOBAL CITY
It is in Cities that global operations are centralized and
where we can see most clearly the phenomena associated
clearly with their activities, whether it be changes in the
structure of employment, the formation of powerful
partnerships, the development of monumental real estate, the
emergence of new forms of local governance, the effects of
organized crime, the expansion of corruption the
fragmentation of informal networks or the spatial isolation
and social exclusion of certain population groups.
THE GLOBAL CITY

Also called WORLD CITY or sometimes ALPHA

CITY or WORLD CENTER, is a City which is a primary
node in the Global Economic Network.
THREE KEY TENDENCIES SEEM TO FOLLOW
FROM THESE STRUCTURAL FACTS ABOUT
GLOBAL CITIES
One is a concentration of wealth in the hands of owners, partners
and professionals associated with the high-end firms in this system.
Second is a growing disconnection between the City and its
Region.
Third is a growth of a large marginalized population that has a
very hard time earning a living in the marketplace defined by these
high-end activities.
CHARACTERISTICS OF A GLOBAL CITY
• A variety of financial services, notably in finance, insurance, real estate,
banking, accountancy and marketing.
• Headquarters of several multinational corporations.
• The existence of financial headquarters, a stock exchange and major financial
institutions.
• Domination of the trade and economy of a large surrounding area.
• Major manufacturing centers with port and container facilities.
• Considerable decision-making power on a daily basis and at a global level.
• Centers of new ideas and innovation in business, economics, culture and
politics.
 REASONS OF INCREASE IN GLOBAL CITIES
The increase in global cities is linked to the globalization of
economics and the centralization of mass production within urban
centers.
Criticism of Global Cities
Despite of playing significant roles in the global economy, global city
thesis has been known for being a threat to state-centric perspectives.
These cities have been accused of focusing their reach to other global
cities and neglecting cities within the national outreach. These cities
are more connected to the outside world than to their domestic
economy.
THE GLOBAL MIGRATION
Why do people move?
SOCIAL FACTORS
Socially factors are things that affect someone’s lifestyle. These
could include wealth, religion, buying habits, educational level, family
size and structure and population density.
CULTURAL FACTORS
The idea of culture is vital to understanding the implications for
translation and despite the differences of opinion as to whether language is
a part of culture or not, the two are connected. Culture range from syntax,
ideologies, religion, language and dialect, art and literacy.
 WHY DO PEOPLE MOVE?
• PUSH-PULL FACTOR
In geographical terms, the push-pull factors are those that drive
people away from a place and draw people to a new location. A
combination of push-pull factors helps determine migration or
immigration of particular populations from one land to another.
PUSH FACTOR: REASONS TO LEAVE
Factors that help migrants decide to leave their home.
PULL FACTOR: REASONS TO MIGRATE
Factors that attract people and area where immigrants are going.
MIGRATION AFFECTS BOTH THE PLACE OF ORIGIN AND
THE PLACE OF DESTINATION ON THE VARIOUS ASPECTS
SUCH AS ENVIRONMENTAL, ECONOMIC, HEALTH AND
SOCIAL ASPECTS
Environmental Aspects
Migration of people has the direct effect on both, the place of origin and
the place of destination. Problems like settlement, over-exploitation of
resources, and the pollution of different kinds will be visible.
Economic Aspects
The consequence on the place of origin will be a loss of economically
active groups of the population.
MIGRATION AFFECTS BOTH THE PLACE OF ORIGIN AND
THE PLACE OF DESTINATION ON THE VARIOUS ASPECTS
SUCH AS ENVIRONMENTAL, ECONOMIC, HEALTH AND
SOCIAL ASPECTS
Health and Social Aspects
The place of destination are normally those places where
facilities are made available to a limited extent so as to fulfill
the needs of the native dwellers. However, the places
overcrowd with the constant flow of migrants, and facilities
and other needs become insufficient.
THE DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION
The demographic transition theory is a generalized
description of the changing pattern of mortality, fertility, and
growth rates as societies move from one demographic
regime to another.
The term was first coined by the American Demographer
Frank W. Notestein in the mid-twentieth century, but it has
since been elaborated and expanded upon by many others.
WHY DO PEOPLE MOVE?
Economic reasons
Lack of employment opportunities or differentials in employment
opportunities and wages; the lure of a well-paid job in a wealthy country
is a powerful driver of international migration. Lack of educational
institutions across developing countries has also tremendously
contributed to the reasons for migration.
Political reasons
The unattractiveness of agricultural activities, disasters, lack of basic
amenities (roads, electricity, portable water, and inadequate health care
facilities) and industrial ventures in countries have also encouraged
international migration.