TRANS FATS

Issues in Food
Preservation
 What is Trans Fat?
Trans fat, or trans-fatty acids, are unsaturated fatty
acids that come from either natural or industrial
sources. Naturally-occurring trans fat come from
ruminants (cows and sheep). Industrially-produced
trans fat are formed in an industrial process that
adds hydrogen to vegetable oil converting the liquid
into a solid, resulting in “partially hydrogenated” oil
(PHO).
 Trans Fat Issues

• BanTransFat.com sued Kraft Foods

May 2003
for having too much trans fat in
Oreos.
• Lawsuit dropped after Kraft agreed
to try to reformulate Oreos.
Dec 2006 • New York City is the first American
city to limit uses of trans fats in
the restaurants.

• All trans fat must be labelled

July 2003 2006 • CSPI sues KFC over use of trans fat
• Some think that 0.5g/serving is too
in foods
high to be considered “trans fat • KFC agreed to replace its partially
free”
hydrogenated soybean oil with
• In Canada,0.2g/serving is
trans-fat-free soybean oil.
considered “trans fat free”
Benefits of Trans Fat
Products retains the flavor
1 and smell of unsaturated fats

Adds desired texture to

2 products

Lengthens shelf life by raising the

3 melting point, slowing oxidation

Reduces need for use of

4 saturated fats
Frozen Pizza Fried Food

Food Contain
Trans Fat

Margarine Baked Goods

 Cardiovascular Disease

 Intake of Trans Fatty Acid (TFA) increased the risk

of coronary heart disease (CHD) by increasing the
ratio of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol
to high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol
(Willet et al., 1993).

 CHD risk roughly doubled for each 2% increase in

trans fat calories consumed instead of
carbohydrate calories (Stamfer et al., 1997).

 On the basis of several such studies, it was

concluded that there were no nutritional benefits
of TFA and there were clear adverse effects
especially increasing the risk of cardiovascular
disease (CVD) (Ascherio A et al., 1997).
Stati sti c Cardiovascular
Disease
WHO: Global Burden od Disease (2004)
• Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading
cause of death in the world.

CVD in Malaysia
• Coronary heart disease is the number one killer
in Malaysia.
• In 2014,it accounted for 13.5% of death in the
country.

CVD in Canada
• CVD is the leading cause of death in the Canada.
• 2004: mortality was 73,338 (31% male of
deaths,33% of female death)
 What is The Solutions?

• Denmark is probably the first country to regulate the maximum

amount of trans fat permitted in a food.

• With affect from June 1,2003, the country prohibited the sale of oil
DENMARK
and fats having trans fatty acids exceeding 2g per 100g of oil or fat.

• The law also provided for a claim of “free of trans fatty acids” if the
product meet the prescribed criteria for the claim.

(The Star,2007)
 What is The Solutions?

• Currently not compulsory to label the amount of trans fatty acids on

food packages.

• However when the product makes claim regarding the amount

MALAYSIA
and/or type fatty acids or the amount of cholesterol, the amount of
trans fatty acids in the food must be declared.

• Malaysian Food Regulations also permit making a nutrient content

claim related to trans fat.Such as “low” or “free” of trans fatty acids.

(The Star,2007)
Recommendation
Eat more vegetables, 2 Avoid deep fried foods.
1
fruit, and unprocessed Choose grilled, steamed,
whole grains(both broiled or baked instead.
contain no trans fat.

3 Bake and cook with a 4 Use healthy

soft, non-hydrogenated monounsaturated and
margarine instead of polyunsaturated
hard (stick) margarine, fats(olive oil, canola oil,
butter or shortening. vegetable oils)
 Conclusions
“Trans Fat is good when we
consumed in a small amount or
recommended amount by food
safety regulation. Large amount of
trans fats can be lead to heart
disease in the future.”
THANK
YOU!