Component characteristics, Off-design operation of the

single-shaft gas turbine

Presenter- Ruturaj Arvind Umaranikar

Subject- Steam and Gas Turbines
Single Shaft Gas Turbine

Ideal Operation takes place according to Brayton Cycle p-v and T-S
diagram of same is shown in figure.
 Dimensional Analysis

   Dimensional Analysis is used to avoid any complications.

When considering the dimensions of temperature, it is convenient always to associate with it the gas
constant R i.e. characteristic gas constant.

A physical property undoubtedly influences the behavior of the compressor is density of working
fluid but inclusion of p and RT works as substitute for .

A physical property of the gas which in theory would also influence the problem would be its viscosity.
Its inclusion gives dimensionless group like Re but in extremely turbulent environment influence of
this group is negligible.
  

By  - Theorem earlier expression reduces to,

Compressor Characteristics curves-

Surging Phenomenon-

What is surge line?

 Turbine Characteristics-

Turbine Choking-
It is a fluid dynamic condition.
 Off Design Operation of Single Shaft Gas Turbine

What is off design model?

Let’s start with design model and slowly proceed

towards understanding what is off design model.
 Procedure
 Select a constant speed line on the compressor characteristic and choose any point on this
line.
 The corresponding point on the turbine characteristic is obtained from consideration of
compatibility of rotational speed and flow.
 After matching compressor and turbine characteristics we must make sure that considered
operating point is desirable to give required output. This demand knowledge of variation of
power with speed.
  
Compatibility of rotational speed

Compatibility of flow between compressor

and turbine
  Turbine Temperature Drop

  1 ( 𝛾 −1
[
∆ 𝑇 03,04 =𝑡 × 𝑇 03 × 1 −
( )
𝑟 𝑝𝑡
𝛾 )
]
 Compressor Temperature Rise
  Net power output-

Net power output for selected point can be found out as follows,
Load Characteristics- Equilibrium Running Lines
Thank You