织造学

Preparation and Weaving

Engineering
第 2 章 织前准备
Chapter 2 Weaving Preparation

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Weaving Preparation Textile Sciences and Engineering
<Preparation and Weaving
Engineering>

What is Weaving Preparation?

Yarn is the basic building block in weaving. Therefore, a
fter yarn manufacturing, the next successive step would be t
o weave the yarn into a fabric. However, in practice, the con
dition of yarn produced on the spinning machine is not alwa
ys good enough to be used directly for fabric formation.
Package size, yarn surface characteristics, and other fact
ors make it necessary for both filling yarn and warp yarn to
be further processed for efficient fabric formation. These pr
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eparatory processes are called weaving preparation

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Weaving Preparation Textile Sciences and Engineering
<Preparation and Weaving
Engineering>

We know that : Woven fabric

s are made of two sets of yarn
s: warp and filling.

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Weaving Preparation Textile Sciences and Engineering
<Preparation and Weaving
Engineering>

Warp and filling yarns are subjected to different conditions an

d requirements during weaving. Therefore, the preparation of
warp and filling yarns is different.
Warp yarn is subjected to higher stresses which requires extra
preparation.
The filling yarns are not subjected to the same type of stresses
as the warp yarns and thus are easily prepared for the weaving
process. Depending on the spinning method, the filling yarns
may not be prepared at all, but rather taken straight off the sp
inning process and transported to the weaving process. 第 4 页

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Weaving Preparation Textile Sciences and Engineering
<Preparation and Weaving
Engineering>

The preparation process for wea

ving is divided into two parts:
1. Filling yarn preparation
2. Warp yarn Preparation
(1)Winding
(2)Warping
(3)Slashing
(4)Drawing-in or tying-in
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4.1 Winding Textile Sciences and Engineering
<Preparation and Weaving
Engineering>

Winding is basically transferri

ng a yarn from one type of pac
kage to another.
a) Winding produces a yarn p
ackage that is
suitable for further processi
ng .
b) The winding process provid
es an opportunity
to clear yarn defects. 第 6 页

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4.1.1 Winding Process Textile Sciences and Engineering
<Preparation and Weaving
Engineering>
There are three main regions
in winding ：

Region 1. Unwinding of yarn

from the spinning package

The yarn package is held in t

he creel in an optimum positi
on for unwinding.

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4.1.1 Winding Process Textile Sciences and Engineering
<Preparation and Weaving
Engineering>

Yarn withdrawal can be done in two w

ays ：
1. Side withdrawal. In this method th
e spool is rotated and therefore the
yarn does not rotate during withdr
awal. As a result, the yarn twist do
es not change, which is an advanta
ge.
2. Over-end withdrawal. In this syste
m, the spool does not rotate. Theref
ore, the problems associated with r
otating a spool are avoided. The me
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thod is simple and does not require
driving the spool.

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4.1.1 Winding Process Textile Sciences and Engineering
<Preparation and Weaving
Engineering>

Region 2. The tensioning and c

learing region
In this region, proper tension i
s given to the yarn for a desire
d package density and body. T
he typical components of this r
egion are a tension device, a de
vice to detect thick and thin sp
ots in the yarn (clearing devic
e) and a stop motion.
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4.1.1 Winding Process Textile Sciences and Engineering
<Preparation and Weaving
Engineering>

Yarn defect detection

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4.1.1 Winding Process Textile Sciences and Engineering
<Preparation and Weaving
Engineering>

There are two type

s of guides ：
1. closed
2. open

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4.1.1 Winding Process Textile Sciences and Engineering
<Preparation and Weaving
Engineering>

A. Tension device. The tension device maintains a proper t

ension in the yarn to achieve a uniform package density. It
also serves as a detector for excessively weak spots in the
yarn that break under the added tension induced by the ten
sion device.
There are three major types of tension devices
a)Capstan (or multiplicative) tensioner
b) Additive tensioner 第 12 页

c) Combined tensioner

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4.1.1 Winding Process Textile Sciences and Engineering
<Preparation and Weaving
Engineering>

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4.1.1 Winding Process Textile Sciences and Engineering
<Preparation and Weaving
Engineering>

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4.1.1 Winding Process Textile Sciences and Engineering
<Preparation and Weaving
Engineering>

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4.1.1 Winding Process Textile Sciences and Engineering
<Preparation and Weaving
Engineering>

B.Yarn clearers. The purpose of a yarn detector is to r

emove thin and thick places. Yarn detectors are usuall
y two types:
1.mechanical
2.electronic

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4.1.1 Winding Process Textile Sciences and Engineering
<Preparation and Weaving
Engineering>

A mechanical clearer may be as simple as two parallel blades

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4.1.1 Winding Process Textile Sciences and Engineering
<Preparation and Weaving
Engineering>

Electronic detectors are

mainly two types:
capacitive
photo-electric

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4.1.1 Winding Process Textile Sciences and Engineering
<Preparation and Weaving
Engineering>

C. Stop motion. The purpose of a stop motion is to stop winding

when the yarn breaks or runs out. Stop motions vary from machi
ne to machine.
In general, a mechanical stop motion consists of a counter we
ighted or spring loaded sensing device which is held in an inactiv
e position if the yarn is present. Breakage or running out causes t
he absence of this restraining yarn and allows the sensing device
to activate. Electronic stop motions simply sense the existence of t
he yarn without mechanical contact.

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4.1.1 Winding Process Textile Sciences and Engineering
<Preparation and Weaving
Engineering>

Region 3. The winding r

egion—In this region, th
e yarn package which is
suitable for further proc
essing is wound.

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4.1.1 Winding Process Textile Sciences and Engineering
<Preparation and Weaving
Engineering>

The yarn is wound on the pac

kage by only rotating the pac
kage. Consider a disc of radi
us R, rotating at an angular v
elocity ω (Figure 4.12). Then,
the linear velocity (or the tan
gential speed) of any point on
the circumference of the pack
age is

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4.1.1 Winding Process Textile Sciences and Engineering
<Preparation and Weaving
Engineering>

The rotation of the package may be accomplished in two ways:

spindle drive and friction drive.
1) Spindle drive winder
2) Friction drive winder

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4.1.1 Winding Process Textile Sciences and Engineering
<Preparation and Weaving
Engineering>

1) Spindle drive winder

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4.1.1 Winding Process Textile Sciences and Engineering
<Preparation and Weaving
Engineering>

2) Friction drive win

der

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4.1.1 Winding Process Textile Sciences and Engineering
<Preparation and Weaving
Engineering>

Traversing Mechanisms

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4.1.1 Winding Process Textile Sciences and Engineering
<Preparation and Weaving
Engineering>

Types of Packages

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4.1.2 Quill Winding Textile Sciences and Engineering
<Preparation and Weaving
Engineering>

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4.1.3 Winding Machines Textile Sciences and Engineering
<Preparation and Weaving
Engineering>

Cross winding machines are used for cross winding of tubes,

cones and bobbins with one or two flanges. Yarn laying and pa
ckage drive are achieved by a grooved drum. In cross-winding,
the stability of the package is provided by the acute crossing a
ngle. The package ends can be tapered as well.

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4.1.4 Precision Winding Textile Sciences and Engineering
<Preparation and Weaving
Engineering>

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Questions Textile Sciences and Engineering
<Preparation and Weaving
Engineering>

1. What is Tension device?

2. How many are types of are Tension device?
3. What is Yarn clearers?
4. How many are types of are yarn clearers?

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