PEER RELATIONSHIP AND

GROUP DYNAMICS IN SCHOOL

Sociometry
 Peer Relationship
 Peer relationships provide a unique context in
which children learn a range of critical social
emotional skills, such as empathy, cooperation,
and problem-solving strategies. 

Peer relationships can also contribute

negatively to social emotional development
through bullying, exclusion, and
deviant peer processes
 Solitary Play
 Children are likely to spend sometime alone
and to play by themselves
 Parallel play
 By 14- 18 months children are able to play with
other children
 Developed interest/ Gazing/ Sounds at each
other
 Associative play
 Toddlers will engage themselves with their
own world but they also join others
 The one in red hood is playing with mud while
the other kid decides to join him.
 Cooperative Play
 When a group of children decides to
accomplish a goal together
 Nature of the play can be constructive or
symbolic
 Group Entry
 A set of behaviors that leads to being accepted
in a group or a partner play is known as group
entry.

 Play is related to the development of social

skills

 Poor skilled kids are often aggressive to others

 Types of aggression
 1- Physical aggression: reacts by kicking,
boxing, biting, hitting.
 Starts at around the age of 2 and may decline in
preschool

 2- Indirect Aggression: Gossiping, saying bad

things about someone.
 Starts around the age of preschool till the age of
11
 Modelling
 Psychologist Bandura found out that children
learn specific form of violence by witnessing
other people. Especially the closed ones
 Prosocial Behavior
 Intend to help other
 Intentional and voluntary
 E.g. taking turn increases with age
 At the age of 2-3 children learn to share their
toys and this age they are in the beginning of
understanding emotions
 Parental Modelling
 Letting your children help you in simple daily
task e.g helping in dinner or sharing your meal.

 It demonstrates a consistency what they say

and will do
 Friendship
 Begins at 18 months ( prefences