ETHNOGRAPHIC DESIGNS

Reksa M Ahsan (20181111013)

M. Rifqi N (2018111024)
Definition

are qualitative research procedures for describing,

analyzing, and interpreting a culture-sharing group’s
shared patterns of behavior, beliefs, and language that
develop over time.
When Do You Conduct an Ethnography?

-Study of a group helps you understand a larger issue

-Have a culture-sharing group to study
-Want a day-to-day picture
-Long-term access to culture-sharing group
How Did Ethnographic Research Develop?

-Ethnography has been shaped by cultural anthropology with an emphasis on writing about
culture
-1928 Mead study of childbearing, adolescence, and influence of culture on personality in
Samoa
-1920’s ’s Single case emphasis at University of Chicago
THE TYPES OF ETHNOGRAPHIC DESIGNS

- Realist Ethnographies
A realist ethnography is a popular approach used by cultural anthropologists
- Case Studies
A case study is an important type of ethnography, although it differs from an ethnography in several important
ways.

- Critical Ethnographies
are a type of ethnographic research in which the author is interested in advocating for the emancipation of groups
marginalized in our society.
 Key characteristics of an ethnographic design

- Cultural themes from cultural anthropology

- A culture-sharing group
- Examination of shared patterns of behavior, belief, and language
- Data collection through fieldwork
- Description, themes, interpretation
- Group context or setting
- Researcher reflexivity
 ETHICAL ISSUES IN CONDUCTING ETHNOGRAPHIC RESEARCH

Ethical issues in ethnography arise when doing fieldwork therefore problems arise in
collecting data. As Madison (2005) reminds us "An ethics of ethnography probes the
question, 'What are the moral and ethical implications of conducting fieldwork?'". They need
to be more open and transparent about collecting data, which means that they must
communicate to each individual who participates in this research, all the possible general
impacts, and the sources of support and funding for the project.
 WHAT ARE THE STEPS IN CONDUCTING AN ETHNOGRAPHY?
Step 1. Identify Intent and Design Type and Relate intent to Your Research Problem
The first and most important step in conducting research is to identify why you are undertaking the research,
what form of design you plan to use, and how your intentions relate to your goals.
Step 2. Discuss Approval and Access Considerations
In this step, all three types of designs follow a similar procedure. You need to receive approval from the
institutional review board.
Step 3. Use Appropriate Data Collection Procedures
We can see from Table 14.4 that all three designs have some common features, with emphasis on extensive data
collection, using multiple procedures to collect data, and active involvement of participants in the process.
Step 4. Analyze and Interpret Data within a Design
In all ethnographic designs, you will be involved in the general process of developing descriptions, analyzing
your data for themes, and providing interpretations of meaning.
Step 5. Write a Consistent Report with Your Design
Realist ethnography is written as an objective report of information about culturally sharing groups. Your
personal views and biases will be saved in the background, and the discussion at the end of the study should
show how research contributes to knowledge of cultural themes based on understanding shared behavior patterns,
thought, or language of culturally sharing groups.
 HOW DO YOU EVALUATE AN ETHNOGRAPHY?
Group or case clearly identified?
Patterns identified?
Detail provided?
Context specified?
Author reflexive?
Broader interpretation given?
Conveys how the culture works?
Accuracy checked?
THANKYOUUU GUYSS