Kinds/Types of

SETS
Example:
U= letters in the English alphabet
It is a set that contains all
U = {a, b, c, d, e, …, z}

UNIVERSAL
the elements under the given
 
* In this example the complete set of letters in
considerations. The symbol
the English alphabet makes up the universal
set.

SET
to be used is U.
Example:
C= vowels in the word fly
It is a set with no elements.
C={} or C = Ø
It is also referred as empty

NULL SET
Set C is a null set since there is no vowel in the
set. The
word fly.
symbol is an empty
bracket { } or phi Ø.
Example:
D= numbers from 1 to 3
It is a set which elements are
D = {1, 2, 3}
members of another set. Null
Subsets of D:
{1}, {2}, {3}, {1,2}, {1,3}, {2,3}, {1,2,3}, { }
set and the set itself are part
SUBSET
There are 8 subsets formed from set D. These
of the subsets
include the set itself and the null set.
To determine how many Subsets:
subsets a set has, use the {1}
formula {2}
n
Number of subsets = 2 {3}
where n = number of elements {1,2}
{1,3}
Example: D = {1,2,3} {2,3}
Set D has 3 elements. {1,2,3}
n 3
2 =2 =8 {}
Set D has 8 subsets
F= {m, a, t, h}
n 4
2 = 2 = 16
F has 16 subsets
Subsets:
{m} {m, a} {a, h} {m, t, h}
{a} {m, t} {t, h} {a, t, h}
{t} {m, h} {m, a, t} {m, a, t, h}
{h} {a, t} {m, a, h} {}
Example:
D= numbers from 1 to 3
D = {1, 2, 3}
A Power Set is a set of all the
Subsets of D:

POWER SET
{1}, {2}, {3}, {1,2}, {1,3}, {2,3}, {1,2,3}, { }
subsets of a set.
P(D) = { {1},{2},{3},{1,2},{1,3},{2,3},{1,2,3},{ } }
Example: D = {1,2,3}

Subsets:
{1} {2} {3} {1,2} {1,3} {2,3} {1,2,3} { }

P(D) = { {1}, {2}, {3}, {1,2}, {1,3}, {2,3}, {1,2,3}, { } }

Example: F= {m, a, t, h}

Subsets:
{m} {a} {t} {h} {m, a} {m, t} {m, h} {a, t} {a, h} {t, h}
{m, a, t} {m, a, h} {m, t, h} {a, t, h} {m, a, t, h} { }

P(F) = { {m}, {a}, {t}, {h}, {m, a}, {m, t}, {m, h}, {a, t},
{a, h}, {t, h}, {m, a, t}, {m, a, h}, {m, t, h}, {a, t, h},
{m, a, t, h}, { } }
Finite set- set with
countable elements
FINITE &
Infinite set- set with
elements that is impossible
INFINITE SETS
to count.
Joint sets- sets with at least
JOINT &
one common elements.

DISJOINT
Disjoint sets- sets with no
common elements

SETS
Equal sets – sets that
EQUAL &
contain the same elements.
Equivalent sets- sets with
EQUIVALENT
the same number of
elements.
SETS