Sets

Mathematics 7
1.1 Introduction to Sets
 Group the following objects based on their common
characteristic.

1.1 Introduction to Sets

1.1 Introduction to Sets
 What is a SET ? How to name or denote a set?
- by using an Uppercase letter

It is a collection of well- A group of objects is well-defined

defined objects, things, if everyone agrees that an object
or symbols. belongs to that group.

Examples:
Well-defined A is the set of vowels in the English alphabet.

B is the set of intelligent people.

Not Well-defined

1.1 Introduction to Sets

 Elements and Cardinality
Elements are the objects included in each set while
cardinality is the number of elements of a set.

A is the set of vowels in the English alphabet.

Example:
A = {a, e, i, o, u}
The vowels a, e, i, o, and u are the elements of A. Since A has 5 elements, therefore
the cardinality of A is 5. The cardinality is represented by n(A) = 5.

K is the set of letters in the word MATHEMATICS.

K= {M,A,T,H,E,I,C,S}
n(K) = 8
1.1 Introduction to Sets
 Ways on Representing a Set
DESCRIPTIVE FORM SET-BUILDER
ROSTER FORM
(verbal representation of a NOTATION
(listing method)
set) (rule method)
SET-BUILDER
SET DESCRIPTIVE FORM ROSTER FORM
NOTATION

Set A contains vowels Set A are vowels in the English Alphabet. A = {x|x is a vowel in
in English alphabet. or A = {a, e, i, o, u} the English
A = vowels in the English alphabet
alphabet}

Set B are letters in the word

Set B contains the B = {x|x is a letter in the
Mathematics. B = {M, A, T, H, E,
letters in the word word Mathematics}
or I, C, S}
Mathematics. B = letters in the word Mathematics

1.1 Introduction to Sets

 Kinds or Types of Set
Universal Set
- It is a set that contains
all the elements under
the given
considerations. The
symbol to be used is U.
Example:
U= letters in the English
alphabet
U = {a, b, c, d, e, …, z}
1.1 Introduction to Sets
Null Set Subset
- It is a set with no - It is a set which
elements. It is also elements are members
referred as empty set. of another set. Null set
The symbol is an and the set itself are
empty bracket { } or part of the subsets.
phi Ø. Example:
Example: D= numbers from 1 to 3
C= vowels in the word fly D = {1, 2, 3}
C={} or C = Ø Subsets of D: {1}, {2}, {3}, {1,2},
{1,3}, {2,3}, {1,2,3}, { }
 Kinds or Types of Set
Subset
- It is a set which
elements are members
of another set. Null set
and the set itself are
part of the subsets.
Example:
D= numbers from 1 to 3
D = {1, 2, 3}
Subsets of D: {1}, {2}, {3}, {1,2},
{1,3}, {2,3}, {1,2,3}, { }
1.1 Introduction to Sets
To determine how many subsets a set has, use the
formula
Number of subsets = 2n
where n = number of elements
Example: D = {1,2,3}
Set D has 3 elements.
2n = 23 = 8
Set D has 8 subsets
Subsets of D:
{1}, {2}, {3}, {1,2}, {1,3}, {2,3}, {1,2,3}, { }
 It’s your turn
Give example of a set, then identify the elements
and its cardinality. Then represent the set using the
three methods. Also, determine how many subsets
can be formed from that set.

1.1 Introduction to Sets

 Let’s summarize
- What is a set?
- Describe elements and cardinality of set.
- How can a set be represented?
- What are the kinds of set?

1.1 Introduction to Sets

 Evaluation:
I. Tell whether if the given set is well-defined or not. Write Yes if the
set is well-defined, otherwise write No.

1. Secondary schools at Alfonso district

2. Popular actors
3. Countries in Southeast Asia
4. Set of animals
5. Teachers of Alfonso IHS

1.1 Introduction to Sets

 Evaluation:
II. Identify the cardinality and the subsets of the following sets.

1. Vowels in the word Mathematics

2. Odd numbers between 15-30
3. Colors in a rainbow
4. Planets in our solar system
5. Female student in an all boys school

Q1-W1-Math7
Sets
Mathematics 7
Q1-W1-Math7