Role of Iot in Mechanical Automation System and Allied Services

1
ROLE OF IOT IN MECHANICAL

AUTOMATION SYSTEM AND
ALLIED SERVICES.
Sunday, July 18, Dr Suresh D., Technical Consultant

2021
Index
2
 Introduction to IoT
 IoT Technologies
 IoT Components
 Industry 4.0
 RFID
 Applications
 Opportunities
Sunday, July 18, 2021

Introduction to Internet of Things (IoT)
3
 Network of Physical Objects through

internet.
 Embedded systems with Electronics,

Software, Sensors
 Enable objects to exchange data with

manufacturer, operator, and other devices
through network infrastructure.
What is IOT
4
 Ability to transfer data over a network without requiring

human-to-human or human-to-computer interaction.
 IoT is the network of physical objects or ‘things’ embedded

with electronics, software, sensors and connectivity to
enable it to achieve greater value and service by exchanging
data with manufacturer, operator and other connected
devices.
 IoT could be a person with a heart monitor or an
automobile with built-in-sensors, i.e. objects that have been
assigned an IP address and have the ability to collect and
transfer data over a network without manual assistance or
intervention. Sunday, July 18, 2021
Why IOT ?
5
 To receive high amount of data

 To automate the system
 To make things faster
 To make cost effective system
Aim of IOT
 To reduce cost
 To reduce waste
 To reduce loss

Brief History
6
 The term "Internet of Things" is coined by

Kevin Ashton 1999 during his work at
Proctor and Gamble.
 Early example, 1982, Coke machine at

Carnegie Mellon University was connected to
internet to report its inventory and
temperature
IOT
7
 Allow remote control
 Direct integration of computer + physical

world
 Result: automation in all fields

What is Iot and What is not
8
Sunday, July 18,

API: Application programming Interface / SDK: Software development 2021
Kit
Architecture of IoT System
9

Four Layers of IOT Technologies
10
 Sensor Connected IOT Devices : Temperature sensors,

Proximity sensor, Water quality sensor, Chemical sensor,
Gas sensor. Smoke sensor, Level sensors, Image sensors.
 IOT Gateway Devices: All the sensors deployed in the field are
connected to the internet through more powerful computing
device.
 Cloud Computing : Sensor data relayed by IOT gateways is
stored on cloud hosted servers. Accept, Store and process data
for analysis and decision making.
 IOT Analytics: Data is converted into actionable business
insights. This layer also use machine learning (ML) algorithms.

Sensors
11
 A sensor is a device that is able to detect changes in an

environment. A sensor is able to measure a physical
phenomenon (like temperature, pressure, and so on) and
transform it into an electric signal.
 Types:
• Acoustics, Sound, Vibration.
• Automotive, Transportation.
• Chemical
• Environment, Weather, Temperature, Moisture, Humidity.
• Optical, Light, Photo, Imaging.
• Proximity, Presence.
• Electric Current, Voltage, Magnetic, Radio. Sunday, July 18, 2021
12 Sunday, July 18, 2021
Actuators
13
 They are typically motors that are responsible for

moving or controlling a mechanism of a system.
They could also be a switches which turn OFF or
ON any appliance.
 Types of Actuators.
• Hydraulic
• Pneumatic
• Electric
• Mechanical
Gateways – Microcontrollers
(Arduino / Raspberry pi)
15
 They are very low cost standalone computers with

• General purpose Input / Output (GPIO)
• Very low resources – CPU, Memory, Storage, Power
• Wired Communication – USB, UART, Optional HDMI, Ethernet
• Adapters for extensions – Electronic modules.
 Collect data form sensors over wired or wireless
connection.
 Stores the data locally for short period.
 Performs basic filtering / processing of the sensor data.
 Transforms data to the cloud
 Controls actuators.
Shield and HATs (Add-on
16
Modules)
 Shields: These are additional hardware that can be stacked on
Arduino boards to perform some special functions.
 HATs (Hardware attached on Top): These are additional
hardware that can be stacked on Raspberri pi to perform some
special function.
 These Shields and HATs are used to extend the basic
functionality of Arduino / Raspberry pi based on need. They
can be stacked on the main boards without any soldering or
through wires.

1
Cloud Computing
17
 Accept, Store and process data for analysis and

decision making
Cloud Campuses
Amazon
(Ashburn, Va.)
Apple
(Maiden, N.C.)
Equinix
(Ashburn, Va.)
NSA (Utah)

18

Softwate
19
 IoT Platforms
 IoT Applications

20

21

22

IOT…..
23
 “The Internet of Things is the intelligent

connectivity of physical devices driving
massive gains in efficiency, business growth,
and quality of life”

What Comprises IoT Networks?
24
Information Operational
Technology Technology Smart
(IT) Objects
(OT)

Industrial Revolution
25

Industry 4.0
26
•Industry 4.0 refers to a new phase in the

Industrial Revolution that focuses heavily on
interconnectivity, automation, machine
learning, and real-time data.
•It includes cyber-physical systems, the Internet
of things, cloud computing and cognitive
computing.
•Industry 4.0 creates what has been called a
"smart factory".
Industry 4.0
27
Industry 4.0 describes the growing trend towards

automation and data exchange in technology and
processes within the manufacturing industry, including:
The internet of things (IoT)
The industrial internet of things (IIoT)
Cyber-physical systems (CPS)
Smart manufacture
Smart factories
Cloud computing
Cognitive computing
Artificial intelligence
Industry 4.0
28

Enabling Technologies – Industry 4.0
29

30

Skills for Industry 4.0
31

32

M2M Applications
33
M2M: Machine to machine, Machine will maintain other machines.

34

Future networks

35
35
Example of an IOT System

Things Connecting to Things
37
- Complex and heterogeneous

resources and networks

Applications
38  IOT has many applications in agriculture, smart
Cities, smart home, healthcare, business
sectors, Traffic monitoring, Transport and
logistics etc

Healthcare
39

Shopping
40

41

Connected Rail Operations
PASSENGER SECURITY
 In-station and onboard safety
 Visibility into key events
ROUTE OPTIMIZATION
 Enhanced Customer Service
 Increased efficiency
 Collision avoidance
 Fuel savings
CRITICAL SENSING
Cost savings,
 Transform “data” to improved safety, superior service
“actionable intelligence”
 Proactive maintenance
 Accident avoidance Sunday, July 18, 2021
42
Smart City
CONNECTED TRAFFIC
SIGNALS
 Reduced congestion
 Improved emergency services
response times
 Lower fuel usage
PARKING AND LIGHTING

 Power and cost savings
 New revenue opportunities
CITY SERVICES
 Efficient service delivery
 Increased revenues Safety, financial, and environmental benefits
 Enhanced environmental
monitoring capabilities
43
The Connected Car
WIRELESS ROUTER
 Online entertainment
 Mapping, dynamic re-routing,
safety and security
CONNECTED SENSORS
 Transform “data” to
“actionable intelligence”
 Enable proactive maintenance
 Collision avoidance
 Fuel efficiency
URBAN CONNECTIVITY
Actionable
 Reduced intelligence, enhanced comfort, unprecedented convenience
congestion
 Safety (hazard avoidance)
44
Agriculture
In agriculture, IoT-based smart farming systems can

help monitor, for instance, light, temperature, humidity
and soil moisture of crop fields using connected
sensors.
IoT is also instrumental in automating irrigation

systems.

45
Smart Sericulture System

46
Functional diagram of Smart Sericulture System

47
Detection and Controlling Silkworm
Diseases

48
IoT based Multifunctional Robot

49
IoT based Multifunctional Robot - Schematic

50
Flow-graph of a System (Multifunctional Robot )

51
Applications in various fields
52
 Media
 Environmental monitoring
 Infrastructure management
 Manufacturing
 Energy management
 Medical and health care systems
 Building and home automation
 Transportation

IOT Applications
53
 IOT APPLICATION IN AGRICULTURE

Crop water management
 Pest management and control works
 Precision agriculture
 Food production and safety etc.,

Advantages Of IoT Devices
54
 IoT encourages the interaction between devices called as a

machine to machine interaction.
 It provides good automation and control.
 Integrated with more technical information, so it is better to
operate.
 IoT possesses strong monitoring feature.
 It saves a lot of time.
 IoT helps to save more money by reducing manual task and time.
 Automating daily life tasks makes good monitoring of devices.
 Increased efficiency and time-saving.
 With good features make a better quality of life.

IOT growth
55

IOT Growth
56
 "Internet of Things (IoT) Market by Software Solution

(Real-time Streaming Analytics, Security solution,
Data management, Remote monitoring system,
Network bandwidth management), by Platform
(Application Management, Network Management,
Device Management), by Application“.
 According to Verified Market Research, the Global
Internet of Things Market (IoT Market) Size was
valued at USD 212.1 Billion in 2018 and is expected to
witness a growth of 25.68% from 2019-2026 and
reach USD 1,319.08 Billion by 2026.
IOT Industries
57
Manufacturing Transportation Defense Agriculture
Infrastructure Retail Logistics Banks
Oil, gas, and Connected

Insurance Food Services
mining Home
Utilities Hospitality Healthcare Smart Buildings

IOT Companies
58
Honeywell (HON) Hitachi T-Mobile (TMUS) Comcast (CMCSA)

GE (GE) AT&T (T) Cisco (CSCO) IBM (IBM)
Amazon (AMZN) Skyworks (SWKS) Apple (AAPL) Sierra Wireless (SWIR)
Iridium Communications Ambarella

Google (GOOGL) ARM Holdings (ARMH)
(IRDM) (AMBA)
Texas Instruments
PTC (PTC) Fitbit (FIT) ORBCOMM (ORBC)
(TXN)
Garmin (GRMN) Blackrock (BLK) InvenSense (INVN) Microsoft (MSFT)
Control4 (CTRL) Silicon Laboratories (SLAB) CalAmp (CAMP) LogMeIn (LOGM)

Inter Digital Linear Technology
Ruckus Wireless (RKUS) Red Hat (RHT)
(IDCC) (LLTC)
Nimble Storage Zebra Technologies

Silver Spring Networks (SSNI) Arrow Electronics (ARW)
(NMBL) (ZBRA)
Companies hiring IoT
59
Professionals

Current Roles for IoT Professional
60

Engineering Job Profiles
61

Top IoT Devices
62
 Amazon Dash Button
 is basically a device that gets connected over internet Wi-Fi

and makes sure that the user does not lack important
household items like soft drinks, grocery material, medical
and personal care, kids and any pet items
 It allows the user to order products quickly and there is no
need to recall the message again and it also helps to reduce
the time frame for searching the required product by the user.
 It does not accept fresh order if the prior order is not
complete unless the user allows multiple orders.
Belkin WeMo Smart Light Switch
63
 The WeMo Light Switch helps a user to manage your

home lights from the wall, your mobile or by using
your voice. This smart light switch connects to your
existing home Wi-Fi network to give wireless access
of your lights.

Radio-frequency Identification (RFID)
64
 Radio-frequency identification (RFID) uses

electromagnetic fields to automatically identify and
track tags attached to objects. The tags contain
electronically stored information. RFID is one method
for Automatic Identification and Data Capture

Radio-frequency Identification
(RFID)
 RFID is a technology, that incorporates
electromagnetic or electrostatic coupling in the
RF portion of the EM spectrum to uniquely
identify an object, animal or person. It is also
gaining increasing use in industry as an
alternative to the bar code.
 Requires a transceiver, antenna, and transponder
 Can operate in Passive or Active Modes

RFID
 RF signals transmitted by the transceiver activates
the transponder, which transmits data back to the
transceiver.
 Transponder is powered by EM waves emitted by the
transceiver
 Various frequencies are used depending on the
application

RFID Applications
 Tracking Books in Libraries
 Inventory Tracking
 Ex.: Walmart
 Authorized building access
 Passports (US passports recently)
 AmEx Blue credit card
 Prison inmates (embedded)

RFID Applications
 For toll booths (or any “pay for entry” system)
 Airport Baggage ID
 Car keys, wireless entry and ignition
 Animals
 Hospital Patients
 Instant history tracking

Standard RFID Operating Frequencies
71
ISO 18000-2 ~ 135 kHz ISO 18000-6 ~ 800-960 MHz

ISO 18000-3 ~ 13.56 MHz ISO 18000-4 ~ 2.45 GHz
ISO 18000-7 ~ 433 MHz
Sunday, July 18,

2021
Questions?
72
 What is an IoT? How does IoT work?

 Describe the different components of IoT.
 What is Industry Revolution 4.0?
 List the possible applications of IoT.
 What is the role of sensors in IoT systems?
 Give one example for temperature controlled IoT
systems in Industry.

Questions and Answers
73
 1) What are IoT devices?

 Answer: IoT devices are basically smart devices which have support for internet connectivity
and are able to interact with the other devices over the internet and grant remote access to a user
for managing the device as per their need.
 2) What are the examples of IoT devices?
 Answer: There are several top devices in the market. Smart Mobiles, smart refrigerators, smart
watches, smart fire alarm, smart door lock, smart bicycle, medical sensors, fitness trackers, smart
security system etc., are few examples of IoT products.
 3) How many IoT smart devices may be there by the year 2021?
 Answer: IoT device market is increasing drastically, hence it is assumed to have more than 20
billion IoT products in the market up and in running state by the year 2021.
 4) What technologies are used in IoT products?
 Answer: The technologies used in these devices are low energy wireless and Bluetooth, NFC,
LTE, ZigBee, wireless protocols etc.

 5) What exactly is the use of an IoT product/device?
 Answer: IoT product/devices are basically physical devices integrated with software and can
connect with each other over the internet to exchange information, they help the user for more
simple and direct integration of the physical world. Sunday, July 18, 2021
74
Thank You

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1

ROLE OF IOT IN MECHANICAL

Sunday, July 18, Dr Suresh D., Technical Consultant

Sunday, July 18, 2021

 Network of Physical Objects through

 Embedded systems with Electronics,

 Enable objects to exchange data with

 Ability to transfer data over a network without requiring

 IoT is the network of physical objects or ‘things’ embedded

 To receive high amount of data

 To make things faster

 To make cost effective system

Sunday, July 18, 2021

 The term "Internet of Things" is coined by

 Early example, 1982, Coke machine at

 Allow remote control

 Direct integration of computer + physical

 Result: automation in all fields

Sunday, July 18, 2021

Sunday, July 18,

Sunday, July 18, 2021

 Sensor Connected IOT Devices : Temperature sensors,

Sunday, July 18, 2021

 A sensor is a device that is able to detect changes in an

 They are typically motors that are responsible for

 They are very low cost standalone computers with

Sunday, July 18, 202

 Accept, Store and process data for analysis and

Sunday, July 18, 2021

Sunday, July 18, 2021

Sunday, July 18, 2021

Sunday, July 18, 2021

Sunday, July 18, 2021

Sunday, July 18, 2021

 “The Internet of Things is the intelligent

Sunday, July 18, 2021

Sunday, July 18, 2021

Sunday, July 18, 2021

•Industry 4.0 refers to a new phase in the

Industry 4.0 describes the growing trend towards

Sunday, July 18, 2021

Sunday, July 18, 2021

Sunday, July 18, 2021

Sunday, July 18, 2021

Sunday, July 18, 2021

M2M: Machine to machine, Machine will maintain other machines.

Sunday, July 18, 2021

35 Sunday, July 18, 2021

36 Sunday, July 18, 2021

- Complex and heterogeneous

Sunday, July 18, 2021

Sunday, July 18, 2021

Sunday, July 18, 2021

Sunday, July 18, 2021

Sunday, July 18, 2021

PARKING AND LIGHTING

In agriculture, IoT-based smart farming systems can

IoT is also instrumental in automating irrigation

Sunday, July 18, 2021

Sunday, July 18, 2021

Sunday, July 18, 2021

Sunday, July 18, 2021