Science 5

III: Water
Teacher Natalia Acosta Olivera
Freshwater
 How much water is
available on the earth?
What type of wáter is the most abundant on
Earth and whether it is drinkable?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wZK2xTNzgq8&t=56s
 Solution
A solution is a mixture of two or more kinds of molecules,
atoms, or ions (or chemical compounds) that is
homogeneous or appears to be all one thing

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dW1Vn6cbTRE
 Solute + Solvent = Solution
Solute is defined as the A solvent is usually A solution is a homogeneous
substance that is dissolved in a liquid used to mixture of solutes, dissolved in
a fluid to make a solution.  dissolve a solute. a solvent.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jA0PzblYPUM
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7chCv6YcEms
 How can you know if
water is polluted?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MEb7nnMLcaA
 Answer
Water can’t be considered
polluted by its appearance
alone because some
substances dissolve in it and
can’t be seen

Tests that determine

concentration expressed in
parts per million, or solubility,
can help determine if water is
polluted
 Answer
The solubility will change because in
general, at lower temperatures,
solubility decreases.

If at lower temperatures solubility

decreases
DO YOU THINK THE NORTH AND
SOUTH POLES HAVE FEWER WATER
POLLUTION PROBLEMS?
35.000 ppm of salts
There is a concetration of thirty
five grams (35g) of salts are
dossilved in nine hundred and
sixty five grams (965 g) of water.
How can we prevent
water pollution?
Page 78
 Water pollution
Water pollution is the contamination of water
or the alteration of its purity , by adding toxic
substances
What type of use pollutes
water more?

Small groups
The chemical formula
A water molecule contains
two atoms of hydrogen (H)
and one atom of oxygen
(O).

The hydrogens each

sharing an electron with
oxygen in what we call
“covalent bond”

Water is the “universal

solvent” because it
dissolves more substances
than any other liquid
 Properties of Water
 The biggest reason water is a great solvent is
because it’s a polar molecule. What this means
is that water is a neutral atom, but one part has
a partial positive charge and another part has a Atom
partial negative charge.

Atom
 The two hydrogen atoms have a partial
Atom
positive charge, while the oxygen atom has a
partial negative charge.

Polar molecules dissolve in water because the

positive part of the polar molecule is attracted
to the oxygen atom, while the negative part is
attracted to the hydrogen atom.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3jwAGWky98c
 Wastewater
Wastewater is water that has been
used for something and is dirty

What do you
think happens
to water after
we use it?
 What should we do with
water that has been
polluted in these ways?

Do you think this water

can be purified?
Page 79
Total suspended solids (TSS)
Pipeline is a series of
connected tubes, or
pipes which carry
water or other
substances to different
places
Page 80
The experiment
Page 80
 How is water desinfected in a
residual water treatment plant?
What had happened Mary
to her mom`s
necklace that she
accidentally flushed
down the toilet?
How can we prevent
wáter pollution?

In pairs
 Phosphates
Phosphates are minerals that can increase
algae growth can have on the level of
dissolved oxygen in a body of wáter

Algae growth decreases the amount of

disolved oxygen in a body of water

What can happen to

aquatic life in a lake if
effluent with a high
concetration of
phosphates is
discharged there?
What mixtures are there in our
environment?
What kinds of mixtures do
you think there are in our
environment?
Types of mixtures
 There are 2 major types
of mixtures
Homogeneous Heterogeneous
A homogeneous mixture A heterogeneous mixture the
is uniform because we different components can be seen
can’t see its different
components
Do you think a mixture of oil and
water can be separated into the
original materials?
 Experiment
Salt
Gravel
Beaker

Sieve
Sand
 Difference

Milk Water
 Colloid
It is a mixture that has particles suspended or
distributed in another substance.

Those particles can only be

seen with a microscope
because they are so small,
they are still not disolved, so a
colloid is different from a
solution
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cuEHseI31kY