THIS UNIT INCLUDES:

GRAMMAR
Connectors: although, despite/in spite of,
however, and nevertheless
 A CLOSER LOOK 2

Although, Despite/ In spite of

We use although, despite/in spite of to express contrast between two pieces
of information in the same sentence. We use although before a clause and
despite/in spite of before a noun or a noun phrase.

Example:
Although he is so young, he performs excellently.
He is so young,
Despite/In spite of being so young, he performs
= but he performs
excellently.
excellently.
Despite/In spite of his young age, he performs
excellently.
Despite và In spite of  đều thể hiện sự
tương phản.
• Mary went to the carnival despite the rain.

Mary went to the carnival in spite of the rain.

-> đứng trước một danh từ, đại từ (this, that, what…) hoặc V-
ing.
 
Although/ though / even though: MẶC DÙ
• Sau although chúng ta sử dụng mệnh đề gồm chủ ngữ và động từ
+ (tân ngữ)

• We enjoyed our camping holiday although it rained every day.

S V
 Complete the sentences. Use although + a clause from
the box.
o They Spent A Lot Of Money On The Film o It Was A Comedy It Is Set In Modern
o Few People Came To See It Times
o The Acting Is Excellent
1. We enjoyed the film at the Ngoc 1. I didn’t find it funny at all
Khanh Cinema _________________ _________________________________
although few people although it was a comedy.
____________. .
came to see it
2. _____________________________ 2. The film is based on a book that was
Although they
__________, spent aalot
it wasn’t bigofsuccess.
money written twenty years ago,
3. ___________________________,
on the film I don’t ________________________________.
although it is set in modern times
enjoy the film.
Although the acting is excellent,
 Complete the sentences, using although, despite/in spite of.
Sometimes, two answers are possible.
Although the story of the film was good, I didn’t like the acting.
1. ___________
despite feeling really tired.
2. I went to see the film __________
Although most of my friends
3. I really enjoyed the Water War____________
said it wasn’t a very good film.
In spite of
4. ________________ careful preparation, they had a lot of
difficulties in making the film.
Although the film was gripping, Tom slept from beginning
5. ____________
to end.
Viết lại câu không thay đổi nghĩa:
1) Although Tom was a poor student, he studied very well.
being a poor student, Tom studied very well
=> In spite of ……
2) Although the weather was bad, she went to school on time.
the bad weather,she went to school on time
=> Despite ….
3) My mother told me to go to school although I was sick.
=> In spite of ….my sickness,my mother told me to go to school
4) Tom was admitted to the university although his grades were bad.
=> DespiteTom’s
…. bad grade,he was admitted to the university
5) Although she has a physical handicap, she has become a successful woman.
her physical handicap,she has become a successful woman
=> Despite ….
 Choose the best answer to complete each unfinished sentence

1.The ending of the film is interesting; _______, I didn’t enjoy it.

(However/But/Nevertheless)
2.Life is short; ________, we still waste a lot of time.
(However/But/Nevertheless)
3._______ he was able to do the project, he wasn’t given the position.
(Although/However)
4.________ hard he tried, he couldn’t get the money.
(However/Although/Nevertheless).
5. ________ carefully I drove, I couldn’r avoid the accident.
(However/Although/Nevertheless).
Phân biệt However với But và Nevertheless
– But được dùng để nối hai mệnh đề hoàn toàn trái ngược nhau (mang nghĩa đối
nghịch nhau).
However cũng dùng để nói sự trái ngược nhưng không mang nghĩa đối nghịch giữa 2
mệnh đề.
– But chỉ đứng sau dấu phẩy
– However đứng đầu câu hoặc đứng sau dấu chấm hay dấu chấm phẩy; sau However
luôn là dấu phẩy
– Nevertheless có ý nhấn mạnh hơn However và Nevertheless không đứng trước tính
từ hoặc trạng từ.
 Choose A, B, C or D that best completes each unfinished
sentence
1. Tom has a computer , _____ he doesn’t use it .
a. or b. as c.because d. but
2. The boy can’t reach the shelf ____ he’s not tall enough.
a. because b. although c . even though d. and
3. The girl bought the shoes _____ they are very expensive .
a. But b. if c. so d. although
4. ____ it rained , the boys played football .
a. Even b. Even though c. However d. In spite of
5. Nam failed the final exam _____ he was lazy .
a. while b. though c.because d. but
6. _______ the traffic , I arrived on time .
a. Though b. Although     b. Even though    d. In spite of
7. The little boy was hungry ______ he ate nothing .
a. although b. so c. but d. and
 Rewrite these sentences using the words in brackets. Change other
words in the sentence if necessary.

1. I don’t
don’t think
think Stallone
Stallone isis aa very
very good
good actor
actor.although
He was very
he was
good
very
in the
goodRocky
in the

key films.
Rocky(although)
films.
2. Many
Although
European
many European
film directors
film have
directors
gonehave
to Hollywood
gone to Hollywood
to make films.
to make
Few
have
films,had
fewas
have
much
hadsuccess
as muchas success
Milos Forman.
as Milos(although)
Forman.
3. They
Despite
watched
havingfilms
to work
on DVD
the next
all night.
day, they
Theywatched
had to work
filmsthe
onnext
DVDday.
all night.
(despite)
4. He
Although
has performed
he has performed
excellentlyexcellently
in many films.
in many
He has
films,
never
he has
wonnever
an Oscar
won for
an
Best
OscarActor.
for Best
(although)
Actor.
5. The
In spite
filmof
begins
beginning
with awith
terrible
a terrible
disaster.
disaster,
It hasthe
a happy
film has
ending.
a happy
(in spite
ending.
of)
 Use your own ideas to complete the following sentences.

However And Nevertheless 1. I don’t really like the film although ______.
We also use however and 2. They spent a huge amount of money on the
nevertheless to express
contrast between two film. However, ______.
sentences.
3. The film was a great success in spite of ______.
We usually use a comma
after them. 4. The sound in the film is terrible. Nevertheless,

Example: He is so ______.
young. However,/ 5. Although it is a horror film, ______.
Nevertheless, he
performs excellently. 6. Despite his age, ______.
Exercise 3: Rewrite the sentences, beginning with the words in parentheses:
1. She has plenty of money, but she is very mean. (although)
Although she has plenty of money, she is very mean.
______________________________________________________________
2. They have a car, but they rarely use it. (though)
Though they have a car, they rarely use it.
______________________________________________________________
3. He was innocent, but he was sent to prison. (although)
Although he was innocent, he was sent to prison.
______________________________________________________________
4. He has a number of relatives living nearby, but he never visits them (even though)
Even though he has a number of relatives living nearby, he never visits them
______________________________________________________________
5. She never takes any kind of exercise, but she is quite fit and healthy. (even though)
Even though she never takes any kind of exercise, she is quite fit and healthy.
______________________________________________________________
 Choose A, B, C or D that best completes each unfinished
sentence

1. In spite of not speaking French, Mike decided to settle in Paris.

A. Even though Mike didn’t speak French, but he decided to settle in Paris.
B. Mike decided to settle in Paris despite he didn’t speak French.
C. Mike decided to settle in Paris though the fact that not speaking French.
2. D. Although Mike didn’t speak French; he decided to settle in Paris.

2Mr. Ba was late for the meeting though he took a taxi.

A. Even though taking a taxi, Mr. Ba was late for the meeting.
B. In spite of taking a taxi, but Mr. Ba was late for the meeting.
C. Mr. Ba was late for the meeting despite the fact he took a taxi.
D. Mr. Ba was late for the meeting although having taken a taxi.
3. We came to the meeting on time though the traffic was heavy.
A. Despite the traffic was heavy; we came to the meeting on time.
B. In spite of the heavy traffic, we came to the meeting on time.
C. Even though the heavy traffic, we came to the meeting on time.
D. Although the traffic was heavy, but we came to the meeting on time.

4. Although he took a taxi, Bill still arrived late for the concert.
A. Bill arrived late for the concert whether he took a taxi or not.
B. Bill arrived late for the concert because of the taxi.
C. In spite of taking a taxi, Bill arrived late for the concert.
D. Bill took a taxi to the concert, but he couldn’t catch it.
Complete each of the sentences below. There are many
possible answers
1. I got up early this morning although ….
__________________________________________________________________ 2.
Although I had a street map ….
___________________________________________________________________
3. John didn’t pass the test although ….
___________________________________________________________________
4. Although my grandfather is very old ….
__________________________________________________________________ 5.
I finally fell asleep although ….
___________________________________________________________________
6. Although my friend is very smart, ….
__________________________________________________________________ 7.
I spent three hours cleaning the house although ….
___________________________________________________________________
8. Although the building looks new, ….
___________________________________________________________________
SOME POSSIBLE ANSWERS:
1. I got up early this morning although it’s the weekend.
2. Although I had a street map, I got lost.
3. John didn’t pass the test although he studied hard.
4. Although my grandfather is very old, he still likes to exercise.
5. I finally fell asleep although I didn’t sleep well.
6. Although my friend is very smart, he made a big mistake.
7. I spent three hours cleaning the house although my little brother made
it messy again!
8. Although the building looks new, it is really very old.