1

Low cost Houses

UNDER THE GUIDENCE OF
PROF.ANIL MELKUNDI
PRESENTED BY
MOHAMMED AQUIB JUNAID
VTU 3PD17CV432
DEFINATION 2

 It is consider a concept of reduction in the cost of construction

without sacrificing the strength required for the performance of
the building
CONCEPT 3

 It is said that it is a misconception that low cost housing is based on

inferior specifications, low quality and produces sub standard
work.
 It is said that it is misconception that low cost housing is only
for the poor.
ACCEPTANCE OF LOW COST 4

HOUSING
 Low housing concept has still not been accepted by majority of architects and
engineers
 Possible reason:
• Simple (architectural features make it costly)
• Low specifections (rich specifictions make it costly)
• Low acceptability among middle income group and
high income group people
EXAMPLES 5

 When mass housing is required and financial resources are limited

like indra awas yojana or similar other schemes.
 When mass housing schemes are required after natural disasters
particularly due to limited time and funds available for
construction.
 When recession is there and lower middle class finds difficult
to purchase the flats due to their financial constraints.
Common Methods Adopted in low cost 6

housing as per available literature

Reduce the type and depth of 7

foundation
 Depth anywhere from 50 to 60 cms for isolated footings
 Provide isolated footings in place of raft foundation
 Provide raft foundation in place of pile foundation
• Highly non technical ideas
• Do not try without evaluation
Reduce the wall thickness 8

 From 230 mm to 150 mm

 Adopted in unauthorized and non engineered construction
for load bearing construction
 Adopted by some private builders in framed construction
for all internal and external walls
 Non technical idea
 Cannot be adopted due to non technical, maintenance,
comfort considerations
Reduce the plinth height 9

 In few years the road level comes at par with plinth level
and plinth disappears.
• Non technical idea
• Has many functional problems
Use of mud/soil stabilized blocks 10

 May have @5% cement

 Can be used after the economy is established
Use of some other materials 11

 Mud
 Thatch
 Stone
 Frameless doors
 Mud plaster
• Low cost housing in such case will need to be divided further in
rural and urban low cost housing
Use of hollow cement concrete 12

blocks
 Substitute of clay bricks
 Economics depend upon local availability
 If the economy is established, they can be used
Use of pre cast slabs/jack arch roofing 13

 Not suggested for earthquake prone areas

 Economy depends on local availability of materials
and labour
Use precast lintels or brick arch lintels 14

 Please do not try in earthquake region

 Save cost if bricks are locally/economically available while
cement/concrete are not available locally and are costly
Use of locally available mateials 15

 Best way of economy in terms of materials, labour,transport

and even management.
specifications 16

 Specifications play an important role in deciding the cost of

housing . Interior and finishing works may have a large
variation in cost depending upon the specifications adopted
 For example if in Chennai, sand stone cladding, marble
flooring, are provided in delhi, granite flooring and textured
coating are provided.
 Some of the occupants tend to alter specifications even before
they occupy the house on their own and some after looking to
their neighbours
Reduction in cost 17

 Reduction in cost is possible by sacrificing something .

 Aesthetic
 Uniqueness
 Durability
 Function
 maintainability
Reduction in time of construction 18

 Better planning
 Through use of small tools
 Through mechanization
 Quality construction
 Better management
 Reduction in wastage
Reduction in transport,handling and 19

storage cost
 Use of local materials
 By following just in time approach for materials
 Avoid storage multiple handling storage, wastage,theft, dead
stock
 Close co – ordination
 Use of pre fabricated/precast members
Plan for reduction in maintenance cost 20

 Reduce life cycle costs

 Plan for natural lighting
 Plan for use of other natural benifits
Low quality concept 21

 Cost of low quality of work and low quality architects, structural

designers, and contractors including skilled workers will also led
to cost reduction. In fact these cost reductions are misconcepts
of economy particularly to the house considering its life cycle
to the society and the nation but adopted widely.
Conclusions 22

 Low cost housing is considered housing constructed with low budget.the

definition should have been the housing with minimum
cost even if budget is available. Thus concept should then be valid
for small or big, single or multistoried and EWS or bunglow
construction and all type of construction
The End 23

 QA please feel free to ask questions.