WACHEMO UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF ENGINNERING AND TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINNERING
INDUSTRIAL CONTROL STREAM
PROJECT ON DESIGN AND SIMULATE MAGNETIC LEVITATION OF METAL BALL CONTROL
SYSTEM USING FLC AND PID CONTROLLER
PREPARED BY
GROUP MEMBERS Id
1. Solomon Asha 5031
2. Dereje Mengist 4375
3. Zedagim Eyasu 5335
4. Gizachew Tesfaye 4551
5. Dawit Abate 3734
6. Feven Selamu 4482
Semester project on :
Design and simulation of magnetic metal ball levitation control
system using PID and FLC.

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 Out lines

•Introduction
•Problem Statement
•Scope of the project
•Objective of the project
•Significance of the project
•Methodology
•System design
•Result and discussion
•Conclusion and Recommendation
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 Introduction
General Background

• Magnetic levitation is the process of levitating an object by exploiting magnetic

fields. Either the magnetic force of repulsion or attraction can be used. In the case
of magnetic attraction the experiment is known as magnetic suspension. Using
magnetic repulsion, it becomes magnetic levitation.

• The electromagnetic maglev system is inherently open loop unstable. It can be

described by highly nonlinear differential equation such as the relationship between
electromagnetic force with current and electromagnetic force with levitated
displacement which present additional difficulties in controlling the system. 3
 Introduction (cont..)

• It is a challenging task to design a feedback controller for achieving good

positioning performance of the maglev system.

• In this project three components are used to control the position of the object.
 The first is PID, which is classical linear control system.
 The second is FLC, which is modern linear control system.
The last is Matlab, which compares the output of PID and FLC and
finally gives the control signal.
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 Problem Statement
•Since the magnetic levitation system is nonlinear and open loop unstable condition, the control of
the system will be much difficult.

•It is always a challenge to construct a high performance controller to maintain the levitated object at
its desired position.

•Using repulsion though makes a much more difficult control problem.

•Our project is concerned to solve the instability and lifting the levitating objects in desired distance
or height.

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 Objective of the project
 General Objective

• Design and simulate magnetic levitation of metal ball control system using PID and
FLC.

 Specific objective
• To describe the maglev design process using FLC and PID controller and to compare
their result in Matlab.

• To validate and compare the positioning results in simulation.

• To design the control block diagram and transfer function of plant using both PID and
FLC controller.

• To analyze the linearity of non_linearized magnetic levitate metal ball at equilibrium

point. 7/29/21
 Significance of the project

 This project contributes the following points:.

• It enables us to control the position of the levitated object.

• It is used to linearize the nonlinear magnetic levitation system.
• Used for so many applications.

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 Scope of the thesis

• The project is designed to levitate magnetic metal ball and capable of

maintaining stability and lifting a metal ball for a given specific time by
using different mechanisms in a desired height or distance by adjusting the
levitating object.

• This project deals from

 theoretical and mathematical analysis

 simulation modeling.
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 Methodology

The methodology used to work this project are,

• case study analysis.

• Matlab software.

Transfer
Input PID Out put
function

Figure 1 block diagram of PID controller

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 Cont..

Fuzzificatio Descison defuzzificai

Input Output
n making logic on

Rule Base

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 Result and Discussion
 Simulation Result
• When no controller applied to the system the ball will fall down or attract
to a magnet.
• When the controller applied to the system there will be better response than
in the absence of controller.

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 Simulation result with out controller

Figure 6 Simulation result when the load current is above the transformer rated current
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 Simulation result with PID controller

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 conclusion and recommendation
Conclusion

• This project describes how to control the levitating object at desired distance.
• The output of magnetic levitation system is observed and analyzed apart from
that comparisons are made to see which system give better performance by
considering settling time, overshoot and steady state error.

• In this paper control strategies like PID and FLC are successfully designed to
control magnetic levitation system based on simulation result and also the
experiment is recorded that the fuzzy logic controller can stabilize the system
efficiently and accurate more than PID.
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 Recommendation
• Magnetic levitation is a wide concept and not yet being used that much more
even in our country but also worldwide.

• Its application is very interesting and effective however system designing is

complicated due to inherently nonlinear and lot of designing approach by using
them we can able to linearize and make the system stable.

• And also due to limitation of time we are limited to see the output especially in
Fuzzy logic controller.

• In the future of our work we will try to show the controlling circuit with desired
distance and stabilize the system by using standard controller.
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THANK YOU

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