SEMINAR ON

VIRTUAL MACHINES
DELIVERED BY
Ameya Abhay Khedkar
BCA-III Year (sem-I)
GUIDED BY
Dr. S.V.Shirbhate
(Department of Computer Science)

SHREE HANUMAN VYAYAM PRASARAK MANDAL’S

DEGREE COLLEGE OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION,
AMRAVATI
(A Multi-Faculty Autonomous College)
2020-21
CONTENTS
Introduction
History
Definitions and concept
Types of virtual machines
Components of a virtual machines
Working of virtual machines
Applications of virtual machines
Advantages
Disadvantages
CONCLUSION
Reference
Introduction
What is a virtual machine? 
A Virtual Machine (VM) is a compute resource that uses
software instead of a physical computer to
run programs and deploy apps. One or
more virtual “guest” machines run on a physical “host” machine.  Each
virtual machine runs its own operating system and functions
separately from the other VMs, even when they are all running on the
same host. This means that, for example, a virtual MacOS virtual
machine can run on a physical PC.  For servers, several operating
systems run side-by-side with the software known to be managed as a
hypervisor.
• Whereas desktop computers normally run other operating systems in
their program windows by using one operating system.
•Each virtual machine has its own virtually exclusive hardware
including hard drives, CPUs, network interfaces memory and other
hardware.
 History
 System virtual machines and process virtual machines are founded in
1960s and continue to be areas of active development.
 In 1963, while the software emulation (then-called "simulation") predates
it.
 Process virtual machines  originally as abstract platforms for
an intermediate language used as the intermediate representation of a
program by a compiler; early examples date to around 1966.
 In around 1970 by Pascal, notably in the Pascal-P system.
 Around1973 and Pascal-S compiler around 1975 in which it was termed p-
code and the resulting machine as a p-code machine
 Definitions and concept
 A virtual machine is an emulated computer system created using
software. It uses physical system resources such as the CPU, RAM, and
disk storage, but is isolated from other software on the computer.
 It can easily be created, modified, or destroyed without affecting the
host computer.
 Virtual machines provide similar functionality to physical machines, but
they do not run directly on the hardware.
 The software that manages one or more virtual machines is called a
“hyperviser” and the virtual machines are called “guests” or virtualized
instances.
 Virtual machines are ideal for testing software since developers can
install one or more applications and revert to a saved state whenever
needed.
 It is safe to test software on virtual machine that is isolated from the
operating system and can be fully reset as needed.
 Types of virtual machines
 a) System virtual machine:-
As technology evolves virtual memory for purposes of
virtualization, new system of memory over commitment may be
applied to manage memory sharing among multiple virtual machines
on one computer operating systems.
A typical use would be to run a real time operating systems
simultaneously with a prefer complex operating systems, such as Linux
or windows.
Virtual machines have other advantages for operating system
development, and may include improved debugging access and faster
reboots
 Process Virtual Machine:-

Process virtual machines sometimes called an application machine or

managed runtime environment , runs as a normal application inside a host
OS and supports a single process.

It is created when that process is started and destroyed when it exists.

Its purpose is to provide a platform independent programming environment

that abstracts away details of the underline hardware or operating systems
and allows a program to execute in the same way on any platform.

Process virtual machines provides a high level abstractions that of a high

level programming language. (compared to the low level isa abstraction of
the systems virtual machine)
Components of a virtual machines
Virtual machines are built to furnish users with their own virtual
hardware, including a virtual CPU, memory, harddrive, network
interface, and other devices.

Everyone can open virtual computer programs and choose which

virtual machine user want to boot only when the guest operating
systems is activated and runs in a window on the host operating
systems.
The below figure describes the components of virtual
machines.
(Fig no. 1 components of virtual machines)
 Working of virtual machine
 Type 1
A hypervisor type 1 is built on bare metal. VM resources are directed by the
hypervisor to the hardware. KVM is a hypervisor type 1 example. KVM has
been merged into Linux in 2007, which already have access to KVM if users are
using a modern Linux version.

 Type 2
Hosted is type 2 of the hypervisor. Virtual machine resources are programmed
against host operating system and run against the hardware. Examples of Type 2
hypervisors include VMware Workstation and Oracle Virtual Box. Once after
getting this, when opening a virtual machine, such as Virtual Box, it has an
environment in which the user can configure and resource each physical
component that is emulated by it.
 RAM memory that the virtual machine to allocate.
 The network settings
(fig no 2 : the working of virtual machines)
 Applications of virtual machines
 Take a spin on newer Take versions of operating
systems :-
This methods allows us to run trial with windows 10 without installing
an unstable version of windows on any computer.

 virtualization from your own desktop:-

Each user is isolated from all other users with the help of virtual
machine technology, and the maintenance of the application is shifted
from each user's desktop to the datacenter
 Test with different operating systems:-
User can also install different distributions of Linux or other lesser
known operating systems in avirtual machines to experiment with
them and to understand how they works

 Utilizingsoftware's that requests an outdated

operating systems:-
In a situation where user have an important application that only
runs on windows XP, anyone can install XP in a virtual machine
and run that rather prehistoric application in the virtual machine
where compatibility isn’t an issue
 Run software formatted for other operating systems:-
Mac and Linux users can also run windows in a virtual machines to run
windows software on their computer without the compatibility
headaches of wine and crossover.
 Test software on many different platforms:-
In an event where you need to test whether an application works on
multiple operating systems or just for the many different versions of
windows
 Safety and Security:-
As mentioned earlier, due to the isolation of virtual machines, an
attack or high breach in one does not affect the others . The fault
tolerance and security brought about by the isolation of each
virtual machine is a major benefit of virtualizations.
Advantages

1. Provides solution for disaster recovery and implementation.

2. Digital computers are managed, maintained and accessible in general.

3. A single physical computer can run multiple operating systems

environment.

4. Virtual machines offers an instruction set architecture that differs

from real computers.
Disadvantages:-

 1. Running more than one virtual machines can lead to an unstable

output.

 2. Virtual machines are less efficient and slow running than a physical
machine.

 3. When multiple virtual machines are simultaneously running on a

host computers. each virtual machine may introduce an unstable
performance, which depends on the workload on the system by other
running virtual machines.
Conclusion:-
 In the world of computing, a virtual machine is an emulsion of a particular
computer systems. Virtual machines runs on computer architecture and
makes use of functions from real or hypothetical computer where their
executions may involve specialized hardware, software or a combination of
both.
The guest operating system that run in a windows can be a termed as
Microsoft virtual machines, on the host operating systems, just like any
other program on your computer and there are other types of virtual
machines you may know of such as linux virtual machine, java virtual
machines and VMware.
Virtualization brings us a number of advantages – centralizing network
management, reducing dependencies on additional hardware and
software's..etc. but as its always the case, it has certain shortcomings too.
References:-
 Websites:-
 https://www.oreilly.com/library/view/virtual-machines/
 https://www.virtualbox.org/
 https://www.vmware.com/topics/glossary/content/virtual-machine
 https://azure.microsoft.com/en-in/services/virtual-machines/
 https://www.howtogeek.com/196060/beginner-geek-how-to-create-and-
use-virtual-machines/
 Books:-
 LEARN AZURE IN A MONTH OF LUNCHES (second edition) IAIN
FOULDS (Manning)
 VIRTUAL BOX MADE EASY Publics by James Bernstein
 Practical Virtualization For Learners Publics by OKKI LEE
 LINUX OBSERVABILITY WITH BPF Publics by Dovid Calavera &
Lorenzo Fontana Foreword bt Jessie Frazele
Thank You For Everyone