18CN09 DESIGN OF URBAN WATER SUPPLY AND WASTE TREATMENT

SYSTEMS
Assignment presentation –Semester II
ONSITE PROCESSING OF SOLID WASTE

29.07.2021

Presented by
S. Pushpa (20mk06),
M.E Infrastructure Engineering,
Department of Civil Engineering,
PSG College of Technology.
OVERVIEW

 What is solid waste and management

 Sources of solid waste
 What is on site processing
 Source reduction
 On site processing and Storage
 Design of storage containers
 Processing technologies at rural area.
WHAT IS A SOLID WASTE AND MANAGEMENT….

 Solid waste is any waste generated by

every day human activities.

 The term solid waste management mainly

refers to the complete process of
collecting, treating and disposing of the
solid wastes.
FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF WASTE MANAGEMENT
SOURCES OF SOLID WASTE
HOUSEHOLD SOLID WASTE
WASTE STREAMS AND EMPHASIS NEEDED
WHAT IS ON SITE PROCESSING….

 On-site processing of waste materials includes

the separation of wastes and treatment of solid
wastes at or near the source of generation.

 It is one of the most effective and sustainable

ways to re-cycling of waste.

 It diverts the different types of waste materials to

locations for appropriate treatment in the solid
waste management system.
SOURCE REDUCTION
 First element of any waste management chain for
achieving integrated management of solid wastes

 Waste minimization refers to waste avoidance

through the actions of the waste generators to
avoid generating solid waste.

 Waste utilization comprises actions that make the

waste a useful product or raw-material for other
processes, eliminating the need for disposal.

 Hazard reduction means finding ways to reduce

the toxicity of the waste
STRATEGIC OPTIONS IN SOURCE REDUCTION

 Decreased Consumption of products

 Resource Recovery

 Reduction of toxicity

 Awareness
CALCULATION OF SOURCE REDUCTION

Source reduction for a given period of time involves the following formula:

 Source reduction=(projected waste generation at a given time) – ( actual waste generation

at that time)

 For a small community, this can be measured by conducting a survey at the source of waste
generation for a given period of time
ADVANTAGES OF SOURCE REDUCTION AND ON
SIE PROCESSING
 Generation of clean recyclable materials

 Removal of hazardous materials from general waste streams in order to minimize health risks
to the general population, particularly the waste handlers

 Improved working condition within recycling plants

 Improved efficiency of energy recovery processes, thus helping to operate the waste treatment
system cost- effectively

 Improved quality of end-products minimization of overall waste management costs

ON SITE PROCESSING AND STORAGE
 Second functional element of an integrated solid waste
management system

 Describes the separation of components and/or treatment

of solid wastes

 Used for materials that have already escaped source

reduction and are on the way to being discarded into the
environment at or near the source of generation

 On-site storage means storage of solid waste (both

separated and/or mixed) at or near the source of
generation before primary collection.
SOURCE SEPERATION IN ON SITE PROCESSING

Waste materials that have been separated at

source are collected and transported to
recycling and resource recovery facilities

 Dry Recyclable materials

 Biodegradable materials

 Hazardous materials
FACTORS INFLUENCING ON SITE STORAGE

 Type of storage containers used

 Location of storage containers

 Public health and aesthetics

 Availability of resources for waste management

 Available methods for waste collection and further transportation.

DESIGN OF STORAGE CONTAINERS

General Considerations

 Nature of Waste
 Capacity Margin
 Compatibility
 Standardization
 Efficiency
 Convenience
 Public health and aesthetic
 Social
SIZE OF STORAGE CONTAINERS

The size of a storage container can be calculated using the following simple equation .

Size of storage container = (N X G X F) / D + capacity margin

Where, N = number of population served (nos, cap);

G = average rate of waste generation (kg/cap/day);

F = weekly frequency of collection (= 7 days/)

CAPACITY MARGIN OF STORAGE CONTAINERS
TYPICAL STORAGE CONTAINERS
WASTE GENERATION IN RURAL AREAS
TECHNOLOGIES OF PROCESS AT GLANCE
HOUSE HOLD VS COMMUNITY WASTE PROCESS
CRITERIA FOR SELECTION OF TECHNOLOGY

1.Availability of space near houses & housing pattern

2.Geophysical condition of the village including topography, soil structure & ground water
conditions

3. Quantity and characteristics of the waste streams

4. Availability of common spaces in & around the village

5. Economic status of the GP & human resource available with the GP

HOW TO SELECT A TECHNOLOGY
BIO GAS GENERATING MODEL
VERMI COMPOST MODEL
STRATEGY TO MANAGE ROAD SIDE MANURE PITS

1.Consultation with community leadership

2. Quick survey to list out manure pits on each

street/public space

3. Motivate farmers to re-align these haphazardly setup

dung storage pits to a regularly shaped pit in a row on the
same streets without causing any inconvenience or
hardship to them

4. Re-aligned pits may be fenced on the roadside by a

hedge plants to screen the heaps of animal dung and other
organic waste and improve the aesthetics of the village
PROPOSED SOLID WASTE PROCESSING
REFERENCES

 https://www.uap-bd.edu/ce/nehreen/Lecture 3_431.pdf ·
 environmentinsider.com/on-site-processing-collection-waste-materials.
 environmentinsider.com/13-source-reduction-site-processing...solid-waste
 https://prezi.com/91vra_ad9yqz/on-site-handling-storage-and-processing