UNDER WATER WELDING

Presented by
188X5A0206 Sk.nadiya

SUBMITTED TO

MR.M. V. NARASIMHA MURTHY

ASSISTANT PROFESSOR(EEE DEPT.)

Kallam Haranadhareddy Institute of Technology

(Autonomous)
Approved by AICTE New Delhi & Affilicated to JNTUK
Accredited by NAAC with ‘A’ Grade & NBA Accredited Branches: EEE,ME,ECE,CSE
NH 16 Chowdavaram , Beside kallam spinning mills ,Guntur.
CONTENTS
• Introduction
• Classification
• Dry welding
• wet welding
• Advantages
• Disadvantages
• Schematic Diagram
• Risk v/s Precautions
• Applications
• conclusion
How can big ships or underwater Rigs be
repaired ????
We can’t lift ships and then repair them.
 INTRODUCTION

• Underwater welding is an important tool

for underwater fabrication works.

• In 1946, special waterproof electrodes were

developed in Holland by ‘Vander Willingen’.

• In recent years the number of offshore

structures including oil drilling rigs, pipelines,
platforms are being installed significantly.
 CLASSIFICATION

• Under water welding can be classified

as :

1 .Dry welding
• Hyperbaric welding
• Cavity welding

2 .Wet welding
 DRY WELDING
• The gas-tungsten arc welding process is used
mostly for pipe works.
• Gas metal arc welding is the best process for
this welding.
• It produces high quality weld joints.
HYPER BARIC WELDING:-
• It is carried out in chamber sealed
around the structure to be welded
filled with a gas to push water
back.
• Gas generally used as a breathable
mixture of helium and oxygen.
An image for Habitat Welding
• The area under the floor of the
habitat is open to water,so hyper
baric is termed as “HABITAT
WELDING”.

Hyper = High
Baric = Pressure
CAVITY WELDING:-

• Conventional arrangements for feeding wire and

shielding gas.
• Introducing cavity gas and the whole is surrounded by
a trumpet shaped nozzle through which high velocity
conical jet of water passes.
• It avoids the need for a habitat chamber and it lends
itself to automatic and remote control.
• The process is very suitable for flat structures.
ADV ANTAGE S:-
• Welder/diver is safe.
• Non destructive testing weld is easy.
• Good quality welds are formed.
• Surface monitoring of welders condition can be done.

DISADVANTAGES:
-
• The habitat welding requires large quantities of
complex equipment and much support equipment on
the surface.
• Cost is extremely high hence cannot be afforded
by normal or small firms.
 WET WELDING

• Welding is performed under

water directly exposed to the
wet environment.
• Increased freedom movement
makes more effective, efficient
and economical.
• Supply is connected to the
welder/driver via cables or
hoses.
 PRINCIPLE OF
OPERATION
• The work-piece is connected to the positive side
of dc source (Anode) and electrode to the
negative side (Cathode).
• The two parts of the circuit are brought
together and then slightly separated.
ADVANTAGES:-
• The versatility and low cost.
• Less costlier than dry welding.
• Speed with which it is carried out.
• No enclosures so no time is lost for building.

DISADVANTAGES:-
• Rapid quenching of the weld metal by the
surrounding water.
• Welders working under water are restricted in
manipulating arc.
• Hydrogen composition causes cracks.
• Poor visibility due to water contaminance
APPLICATIONS:-

• Offshore construction for

tapping sea resources.
• Temporary repair work caused
by ship’s collisions, or
unexpected accidents.
• Salvaging vessels sunk in the
sea.
• Construction of large ships
beyond the capacity of
existing docks.
• Maintenance of oil rigs.
 CONCLUSION

• Most Underwater Structures are formed using this method

as the method is economical, flexible and Speedly.

• Combined additions of titanium, boron, and manganese increased

the tensile strength of the steel wet welds due to
microstructural refinement and increased hardenability thus
providing new dimensions to underwater structures.
THANK
YOU