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Biserial and Point Biserial Correlation

This document discusses biserial and point-biserial correlation. It defines correlation as a measure of the relationship between two variables. It then explains biserial correlation is used when one variable is continuous and the other is dichotomous based on an artificial split, while point-biserial correlation is used when the dichotomy is natural. The document provides formulas for computing both and states that point-biserial correlation is preferable as it makes fewer assumptions and can be used in regression equations.

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Sulakshana
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3K views18 pages

Biserial and Point Biserial Correlation

This document discusses biserial and point-biserial correlation. It defines correlation as a measure of the relationship between two variables. It then explains biserial correlation is used when one variable is continuous and the other is dichotomous based on an artificial split, while point-biserial correlation is used when the dichotomy is natural. The document provides formulas for computing both and states that point-biserial correlation is preferable as it makes fewer assumptions and can be used in regression equations.

Uploaded by

Sulakshana
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
  • What is Correlation?: Explains the concept of correlation, types such as linear correlation, and its potential values and implications.
  • Methods of Computing Coefficient of Linear Correlation: Describes various methods to compute the coefficient of linear correlation including the Rank Difference and Product Moment methods.
  • Special Methods for Computing Correlation: Details special methods such as biserial and point biserial correlations, including characteristics and examples.
  • Which One is Better and Why?: Compares the effectiveness and reliability of point biserial versus biserial correlation methods.
  • References: Lists the source references used throughout the document.
  • Thank You: Concludes the document with a thank you note.

BISERIAL AND

POINT BISERIAL
CORRELATION

Presented by –
SULAKSHANA KHATONIYAR
Roll No. 1011021
Research scholar
Dept. of Psychology, Gauhati University
CONTENTS
*What is correlation?
*Methods of computing coefficient of linear
correlation
*Special methods for computing correlation
*Biserial correlation
*Point biserial correlation
*Which one is better and why?
WHAT IS CORRELATION?
*Correlation is a measure of the degree of relationship between two or
more variables.

*Linear correlation is the simplest kind of correlation.

*When the relationship between two sets of scores or variables can be


represented graphically by a straight line, it is known as linear
correlation.

*It can be positive or negative (-1 to +1)

*Zero value indicates absolutely no relationship between two variables.


Positive correlation
Both variables increase or decrease together
Negative correlation
When one variable increases, the other decreases and
vice versa
Zero correlation
No relationship between the variables
Methods of computing * Ordinal level
coefficient of linear * Symbolically
represented by Greek
correlation: letter ρ (rho)

1. Rank Difference
Method
* Charles Spearman
2. Product Moment Method
* Karl Pearson
* Interval or ratio level (continuous)
* Normal distribution
* Symbolically represented by r
SPECIAL METHODS FOR COMPUTING
CORRELATION
Biserial correlation Point biserial correlation
*One variable is continuous One variable is
continuous

A variable that can take on any


numeric value and can be divided into
smaller increments such as fractional
and decimal values.
Eg. – height, weight, time etc.
SPECIAL METHODS FOR COMPUTING
CORRELATION
Biserial correlation Point biserial correlation
*One variable is continuous One variable is
continuous
*Other variable is dichotomous Other variable is dichotomous

A variable that can divided into two


categories
Eg. Yes/ No, True/ False
SPECIAL METHODS FOR COMPUTING
CORRELATION
Biserial correlation Point biserial correlation
*One variable is continuous One variable is continuous
*Other variable is dichotomous Other variable is dichotomous
*Artificial dichotomy Natural dichotomy

Arbitrarily dichotomized Naturally occurring


(Artificial crucial point for division) (Genuine dichotomy, no artificial
crucial point for division)
Examples of artificial and natural dichotomy

Artificial dichotomy Natural dichotomy


* Successful and unsuccessful Male and female
* Athletic and non-athletic Living and dead
* Moral and immoral Color blind and having normal vision
* Poor and not poor Owning a home and not owning a home
* Radical and conservative Being alcoholic and non-
alcoholic
*COMPUTATION
  OF BISERIAL COEFFICIENT OF
CORRELATION

rbis =

p = Proportion of cases in one of the categories (higher group) of


dichotomous variable
q = Proportion of cases in the lower group =
Mp = Mean (M) of the values of higher group
Mq = Mean (M) of the values of the lower group
σt = Standard deviation (SD) of the entire group
y = Height of the ordinate of the normal curve separating the portion p
and q
*  COMPUTATION OF POINT BISERIAL
COEFFICIENT OF CORRELATION

r p, bis = Or r p, bis =

p = Proportion of cases in one of the categories (higher group) of dichotomous variable


q = Proportion of cases in the lower group = 1 – p
Mp = Mean of the higher group, the first category of the dichotomous variable

Mq = Mean of the values of lower group

Mt = Mean of the entire group

σt = Standard deviation (SD) of the entire group


WHICH ONE IS BETTER AND WHY?
r p,bis is regarded as a better and a much more
dependable statistic than rbis because:

*The point biserial correlation makes no assumptions regarding


the form of distribution in the dichotomized variable where
biserial correlation makes too many assumptions.

*It may be used in regression equation.

*The point biserial r is a product moment r and can be checked


against r. This is usually not possible with rbis.
*Like Pearson r, the range of rp,bis is equal to ±1, but this is not
true for rbis. Due to its range, rp,bis can be easily compared with
other measures of correlation.

*It is always safe to compute rp,bis when we are not sure whether
the dichotomy is natural or artificial. However, the use of rbis is
always restricted to the artificial dichotomy of the
dichotomized variable.
REFERENCES
* Mangal, S. K. (2002). Statistics in Psychology and Education (2nd
ed.). PHI Learning Private Limited.
THANK YOU

Presented by – SULAKSHANA KHATONIYAR Roll No. 1011021 Research scholar Dept. of Psychology, Gauhati University BISERIAL AND
CONTENTS *What is correlation? *Methods of computing coefficient of linear correlation *Special methods for computing correl
WHAT IS CORRELATION? *Correlation is a measure of the degree of relationship between two or more variables. *Linear correlat
Positive correlation Both variables increase or decrease together
Negative correlation When one variable increases, the other decreases and vice versa
Zero correlation No relationship between the variables
Methods of computing coefficient of linear correlation: 1. Rank Difference Method * Charles Spearman * Ordinal level * S
2. Product Moment Method * Karl Pearson * Interval or ratio level (continuous) * Normal distribution * Symbolically represent
SPECIAL METHODS FOR COMPUTING CORRELATION Biserial correlation Point biserial correlation *One variable is continuou
SPECIAL METHODS FOR COMPUTING CORRELATION Biserial correlation Point biserial correlation *One variable is

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