IoT Based Smart Energy Management System

Abstarct
• Energy is a very important aspect for any household, industries,
agriculture and so. Managing the energy efficiently and conserving it
intelligently for appliances is very much important. The energy usage is
directly affected with Coal, oil and so towards power generation. Towards
this, there has been lot of research work carried out in developing some
smart lighting system pertaining to classroom for conserving the energy.
In one another research, researchers have developed Android based
Smart home system for monitoring the usage of power to avoid any kind
of anomaly. In none of the research, researchers have worked towards
automating the appliance control towards conserving the energy. Most of
them concentrate on controlling the appliances using android devices. So
with the upcoming of machine to machine communication where devices
can be connected wirelessly leading to IoT,
 Abstract cont…
• we here have developed an IoT based Smart Energy
Management system where appliances like Fan and Bulb
to start with are controlled wirelessly based on humidity
and light intensity information. These inputs are used
towards controlling the appliances intelligently rather than
just switching on or off. In addition the system also keeps
computing throughput the day power consumption of the
appliances which gives the user knowledge on power
being consumed over a period of time. These details are
updated in Cloud server. This prototype system developed
have achieved energy conservation at every household
 Block diagram

Lcd disolay
Current sensor

Power supply
Dht11 sensor Aurdino uno

Esp8266
Light sensor
 Aurdino uno
• ARDUINO
•  
• Arduino is a popular programmable board used to create projects. It consists of a simple
hardware platform as well as a free source code editor which has a “one click compile or
upload” feature. Hence it is designed in way that one can use it without necessarily being
an expert programmer (Kushner 1987). Arduino offers an open-source electronic
prototyping platform that is easy to use and flexible for both the software and hardware.
Arduino is able to sense the environment through receiving input from several sensors. It
• is also able to control its surrounding through controlling motors, lights and other
actuators. The Arduino programming language that is based on the wiring and the Arduino
development environment that is based on the processing are used to program the
microcontroller found on the board (Banzi, 2005). Due to its open-source environment,
• one is able to easily write and upload codes to the I/O board. It is also worth to note that
• Arduino can be run on Linux, Mac OSX and Windows as its environment is written in Java
 Power supply
• Power Supply
•  
• Power supply is a reference to a source of electrical power. A device or system that supplies
electrical or other types of energy to an output load or group of loads is called a power supply
unit or PSU. The term is most commonly applied to electrical energy supplies, less often to
mechanical ones, and rarely to others
•  
• This power supply section is required to convert AC signal to DC signal and also to reduce the
amplitude of the signal. The available voltage signal from the mains is 230V/50Hz which is an
AC voltage, but the required is DC voltage(no frequency) with the amplitude of +5V and +12V
for various applications.
•  
• In this section we have Transformer, Bridge rectifier, are connected serially and voltage
regulators for +5V and +12V (7805 and 7812) via a capacitor (1000µF) in parallel are connected
parallel as shown in the circuit diagram below. Each voltage regulator output is again is
connected to the capacitors of values (100µF, 10µF, 1 µF, 0.1 µF) are connected parallel through
which the corresponding output(+5V or +12V) are taken into consideration.
 Lcd display
• LCD (Liquid Cristal Display)
•  
•  
• Introduction:
•  
• A liquid crystal display (LCD) is a thin, flat display device made up of any number
of color or monochrome pixels arrayed in front of a light source or reflector. Each pixel consists
of a column of liquid crystal molecules suspended between two transparent electrodes, and
two polarizing filters, the axes of polarity of which are perpendicular to each other. Without
the liquid crystals between them, light passing through one would be blocked by the other. The
liquid crystal twists the polarization of light entering one filter to allow it to pass through the
other.
•  
• A program must interact with the outside world using input and output devices
that communicate directly with a human being. One of the most common devices attached to
an controller is an LCD display. Some of the most common LCDs connected to the contollers are
16X1, 16x2 and 20x2 displays. This means 16 characters per line
 Light sensor
• LDR(LIGHT DEPENDENT REGISTER)
•  
• Introduction:
•  
• A photo resistor or Light Dependent Resistor or CdS (Cadmium Sulphide) Cell is a resistor whose resistance
decreases with increasing incident light intensity. It can also be referred to as a photoconductor.
• A photo resistor is made of a high resistance semiconductor. If light falling on the device is of high enough
frequency, photons absorbed by the semiconductor give bound electrons enough energy to jump into the
conduction band. The resulting free electron (and its hole partner) conduct electricity, thereby lowering
resistance.
•  
•
•  
•  
• A photoelectric device can be either intrinsic or extrinsic. An intrinsic semiconductor has its own charge carriers
and is not an efficient semiconductor, e.g. silicon. In intrinsic devices the only available electrons are in the
valence band, and hence the photon must have enough energy to excite the electron across the entire band gap.
Extrinsic devices have impurities, also called dopants, added whose ground state energy is closer to the
conduction band; since the electrons don't have as far to jump, lower energy photons (i.e., longer wavelengths
and lower frequencies) are sufficient to trigger the device. If a sample
 Current sensor
• CURRENT SENSOR
•  
• A current sensor is a device that detects electric current (AC or DC) in a wire, and
generates a signal proportional to it. The generated signal could be analog voltage or
current or even digital output. It can be then utilized to display the measured current in an
ammeter or can be stored for further analysis in a data acquisition system or can be
utilized for control purpose.
• The sensed current and the output signal can be:
• Alternating current input,
– analog output, which duplicates the wave shape of the sensed current
– bipolar output, which duplicates the wave shape of the sensed current
– unipolar output, which is proportional to the average or RMS value of the sensed current
• Direct current input,
– unipolar, with a unipolar output, which duplicates the wave shape of the sensed current
– digital output, which switches when the sensed current exceeds a certain threshold
•  
 esp8266
• The ZG2100M & ZG2101M modules are low-power
802.11b implementations. All RF components, the
baseband and the entirety of the 802.11 MAC reside
onmodule, creating a simple and cost-effective
means to add Wi-Fi connectivity for embedded
devices. The module(s) implement a high-level API,
simplifying design implementation and allowing the
ZG2100M or ZG2101M to be integrated with 8- and
16-bit host microcontrollers. Hardware accelerators
support the latest Wi-Fi security standards.