1 Machine Learning Enabled 6G Optical

Wireless Communication System

Presented by
Subhash Suman
Reg. No. - 2020DR003

Under the Guidance of

Dr. Jitendra Kumar Mishra

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

Indian Institute of Information Technology Ranchi
2 Content:-
 Course work
 Introduction of 6G
 Basics concept of optical wireless communication
 Machine learning
 Python Programming
 Application of 6G
 Future Plan
 Reference
3 Course work:-

1) Optical wireless communication(EC 5005) – (Result awaited)

2) Research methodology and Intellectual property right(HS 5001) – (Result awaited)
3) Advanced optical communication – (Pursuing)
4) Advanced Machine learning – (Pursuing)
4 Introduction of 6G

Figure: Spectrum for 6G system

5 Advantages of 6G
 Complete wireless network with no limitation
 Incredible transmission speed in Terabit range
 Enhanced mobile broadband(eMBB)
 Maximize data throughput and input output operation per second(IOPS)
 AI integrated communication
 Bandwidth: 1Gbps
 High energy efficiencies
 Circuit and packet switching
 More storage capacity
 Uses WCDMA Multiplexing(Wideband Code Division Multiple Access)
 LTE(Long Term Evolution)
 Cont…
6 Table:-Global trends on wireless connectivity

Issue 2010 2020 2030 unit

(predicated) (predicated)
Mobile 5.32 10.7 17.1 Billion
subscriptions
Smartphone 0.645 1.3 5.0 Billion
subscriptions
M2M 0.213 7.0 97 Billion
subscriptions
Traffic volume 7.462 62 5016 Billion

M2M traffic 0.256 5 622 Billion

volume
Traffic 1.35 10.3 257.1 Billion
subscriber
 Cont…
7
Various technique uses:

 Artificial intelligent(Machine learning)

 Free space optic network(OWC)
 Quantum communications
 Block chain
 Three dimensional networking
 Unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)
 Dynamics slicing network
 Holographic beamforming
 Cell free communication
 Integration of sensing and communication
8 Basic concept of OWC

Figure: Electromagnetic spectrum of OWC system

Reference:Optical wireless communication by Z.Ghassemlooy, W.Popoola and S.Rajbhandari.

9 Cont…

Figure : Block diagram of an OWC system

Reference:Optical wireless communication by Z.Ghassemlooy, W.Popoola and S.Rajbhandari.

10 Cont…

 OWC technologies are visualized for 6G communications in addition to RF-based

communications for all possible device-to-access networks; these networks also access
network-to-backhaul/fronthaul network connectivity. OWC technologies are already being
used since 4G communication systems. However, it will be used more widely to meet the
demands of 6G communication systems. OWC technologies, such as light fidelity, visible
light communication, optical camera communication, and FSO communication based on
the optical band are already well-known technologies. Researchers have been working on
enhancing the performance and overcoming the challenges of these technologies.
Communication based on optical wireless technologies can provide very high data rates,
low latencies, and secure communications. LiDAR, which is also based on the optical
band, is a promising technology for very-high-resolution 3D mapping in 6G
communications.
11 Machine learning
 Machine learning is an application of an artificial intelligent(AI) that provides systems the ability to
automically learn and improve from experience without being explicitly programmed.
 It is optimizing a performance criterion using example data and past experience.

Figure: Block and Venn diagram of ML

Reference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_learning
 Types of Machine learning
12  There are three types of Machine learning:-
a) Supervised learning
b) Unsupervised learning
c) Reinforcement learning
a) Supervised learning- In supervised learning, we use known or labelled data for training data. Since the data is
known, the learning is,therefore,supervised, i.e. directed into successful execution. The input data goes through
the machine learning algorithm and is used to train the model. Once the model is trained based on the known
data, you can use unknown data into the model and get new response. In this case, the model tries to figure out
whether the data is an apple or another fruit. Once the model has been trained well, it will identify that the data
is an apple and give the desired response.

Figure: Flow chart of supervised learning

Reference: https://www.dotnettricks.com/learn/machinelearning/introduction
13 cont…
 b) Unsupervised learning:- The training data is unknown and unlabelled-meaning that no
one has looked at the data before. Without the aspect of data, the input cannot be guided to
algorithm, which is where the unsupervised term originates from. This data is fed to the
machine learning algorithm and used to train model. The trained model tries to search for
pattern and gives desired response.

Figure: Flow chart of Unsupervised learning

Reference: https://www.dotnettricks.com/learn/machinelearning/introduction
14 Cont…
 c) Reinforcement learning:- Like traditional types of data analysis, here, the algorithm
discovers data through a process of trial and error and then decides what action results in
higher rewards. Three major components make up reinforcement learning: the agent, the
environment, and the actions. The agent is the learner or decision-maker, the environment
includes everything that the agent interacts with, and the actions are what the agent does .

Figure: Reinforcement learning

Reference: https://www.dotnettricks.com/learn/machinelearning/introduction
15 Python programming

Python is an object-oriented programming language created by Guido

Rossum in 1989. It is ideally designed for rapid prototyping of complex
applications. It has interfaces to many OS system calls and libraries and
is extensible to C or C++. Many large companies use the Python
programming language, including NASA, Google, YouTube, Bit
Torrent, etc.
16 Application of 6G

Figure: Application of 6G Communication

Reference: 6G Wireless Communication Systems: Applications, Requirements, Technologies, Challenges, and Research Directions
Mostafa Zaman Chowdhury1,2, Md. Shahjalal1, Shakil Ahmed3, and Yeong Min Jang1
17 Future Plan

 Implementation of Machine learning Algorithm in 6G OWC system.

 Learning python programming for Algorithm.
 Learning OptiSystem software to simulate optical wireless system.
 Learning MATLAB for complex calculation.
18 Reference
 [1] N. Rajatheva et al., ‘‘White paper on broadband connectivity in 6G,’’ 2020,
arXiv:2004.14247. [Online]. Available: http://arxiv.org/ abs/2004.14247
 [2] T. S. Rappaport, Y. Xing, O. Kanhere, S. Ju, A. Madanayake, S. Mandal, A. Alkhateeb,
and G. C. Trichopoulos, ‘‘Wireless communications and applications above 100 GHz:
Opportunities and challenges for 6G and beyond,’’ IEEE Access, vol. 7, pp. 78729–78757,
2019.
 [3] P. Yang, Y. Xiao, M. Xiao, and S. Li, ‘‘6G wireless communications: Vision and
potential techniques,’’ IEEE Netw., vol. 33, no. 4, pp. 70–75, Jul. 2019.
 [4] I. F. Akyildiz, J. M. Jornet, and C. Han, ‘‘Terahertz band: Next frontier for wireless
communications,’’ Phys. Comm., vol. 12, pp. 16–32, Sep. 2014.
 [5] 6G and Beyond: The Future of Wireless Communications Systems IAN F. AKYILDIZ ,
(Fellow, IEEE), AHAN KAK , AND SHUAI N.
 [6] Optical wireless communication by Z.Ghassemlooy, W.Popoola and S.Rajbhandari.
19

THANK YOU