History and

development of
community health
nursing
MRS.CHANCHAL LATA
LECTURER
(COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING)
 History and development

Ancient
Pre- indipendence
Post- indipendence
 Ancient period

Vedic period
• Ayurveda and siddha system of medicine
Came in to existence which suggested
Development of comprehensive concept of
health
• Ayurveda practiced throughout the India
but the siddha System is practiced in Tamil
Nadu.
 DHANVANTRI GOD

Hindu god of medicine is said to have been

born As a result of Churnning of ocean
During the “ tug Of war” Between God and
Demons
 Atreya

Atreya (about 800 b.c) is acknowledged

as the first great Indian physician and
teacher. He lived in the ancient university
Of takshashila.
 Charaka

Charaka compiled his famous treatise on

medicine, the "charaka samhita'. He explained
about 500 drugs. He was a first physician to
explain the concept of digestion, metabolism,
immunity, genetics and drugs.
 Shusruta
Father of Indian surgery Written
"shusruta samhita"Performed so many
surgries in ancient India e.g.
Amputation, tumor extraction, hernia
repair and plastic surgery etc.British
physicians learned rhinoplasty from
Indian surgeons.
 King Ashoka
King Ashoka and other Buddhist kings
established Ayurveda hospitals and schools
of medicine in India. King Ashoka
patronized Ayurveda as state medicine.
MUGHAL PERIOD

Introduced unani system of

medicine

Ayurveda started to
decline.

Exchange of thoughts and

experience between the
Hindu, Arab, Persians, Greek
and Jewish scholar’s.
 Pre-indipendence

Homeopathy was introduced by Samuel

hahnemann during 1810 -1839.
India claims to have the largest number of
practitioner of homeopathy medicine in
world.
 Miltary Nursing

1664 : east India company started

hospital for soldiers in a house at
FORT . ST. GEORGE , MADRAS.
 BRITISH PERIOD

• The first real development of modern

public health in India took place in
1859 when the administration of
India was taken over from east India
company by the crown.
• British solder’s were died because of
poor sanitation condition.
 ROYAL
COMMISSION
• 1859:
A ROYAL COMMISSION was appointed in
India to investigate the causes of unhealthy
conditions prevailing in British Army Stationed in
India.
• This commission recommended that there was a
need in each presidency to protect the water
supply, construction of drains and prevention of
epidemics in civil population.
 FLORENCE
NIGHTINGALE
Florence Nightingale studied the public health conditions
in India and suggested the. Preventive measures for it .
• She suggestions the measures for the welfare of the
army .
• She suggest the system of nursing for Hospitals in
India.
• She motivated to start the nursing training schools in
India.
 MADRAS
• 1871:
• 1st Nursing training school started
in Govt. General hospital, Madras .
• Seprate clinical facilities for
wounded soldiers in St. George
fort.
 CHRISTIAN
MISSION
HOSPITALS
During 1874 – 90the Christian Mission
Hospitals in India started training
courses for nurses.

• The Roman Catholic Nuns served as

nurses in many Govt.Hospitals in India
as well as in Hospitals run by religious
orders.
 SCHOOL OF NURSING

FIRST SCHOOL OF NURSING

ESTABLISHED IN
ST.STEPHENS HOSPITAL,
NEW DELHI.
• 1890 – 1900 SO MANY
NURSING SCHOOLS
ESTABLISHED BY THE
GOVERNMENT AND MISSION
 Conti…….
• 1881 – First Indian Factories Act was passed and First All India Census was taken.
•1885 – Local self Government Act was passed.
• 1888 – Government directed that local bodies should be responsible for sanitation.
1930 • At Calcutta ,an All India Institute of Hygiene and Public Health was established with
aid from the Rockefeller.
1931 • A Maternal Child Welfare Bureau was established by IRC Society.
1935 • All the health activities in the country were grouped as under the control of •
(a)Central (b)Central cum provincial (c) Provincial government
• 1937 – A Central Advisory Board of health was set up.
• 1939 – Madras Public Health Act was passed. – Rural Health Training Centre at Singur
near Calcutta(Rockefeller Foundation)
 TUBERCULOSIS
ASSOCIATION OF
INDIA

• 1939: • Tuberculosis association of

India is started to control the
tuberculosis burden in the country.
• 1940 – The Drugs Act was passed.
 B.SC NURSING
COURSES

Nursing colleges established

in c.m.c Vellore and RAK
college in Delhi to provide
degree in nursing.
 BHORE
COMMITTEE

1943 – A health survey and

development committee (Bhore
Committee) was appointed under the
chairman of sir. Joseph Bhore .
• 1946 – Bhore Committees report
was submitted.
 INDIAN NURSING
COUNCIL

INDIAN NURSING
COUNCIL IS STARTED
TO SET THE NURSING
STANDARD IN INDIA.
POST
INDEPENDENDENCE ERA
 CENTRAL
GOVERNMENT

The national government took up the

responsibility of improving health of
people with the Bhore committee’s
report. • Ministry of health was
established at Central and State level
Conti……

1948: – India joined as a member of WHO. – ESI Act was passed –

Environment Hygiene Committee was published.
1950: – Planning Commission was set up in India. – Central Food Technological
Institute was established.
1951 • First Five Year Plan began. • BCG Vaccination programme was
launched. • Central Drug Research Institute was opened at Luckknow. 1952 •
Central council of health was statutorily constituted with Union minister of
health as chairman and health Minister of states as members.
1953: • Model Public Health Act Committee was appointed. • National Malaria
Control Programme was initiated. • National Smallpox Eradication Programme
was started. • Family Planning Programme began, Family Planning Research
and Programme was set up.
Conti….
1954:  Contributory Health Services Scheme was initiated in Delhi.  Central Social Welfare
board was setup  National water supply and sanitation scheme was inaugurated.  National
Leprosy Control Programme was started.  VDRL antigen production was setup.  Food
Adulteration Act was passed.

1955: • National Filiria Control Programme was started. • Central Research Centre and Central
Leprosy Training was established in Tamil Nadu. • National TB Survey Commenced.
1956 • Second Five Year plan began. • Central Health education bureau was established. • Director
of FamilyPlanning was established. • Chemotherapy centre started at Madras

1958 • NMCP was changed to NMEP.

1959 • Mudaliar Committee was appointed. • Rajasthan was first state to introduce Panchayat Raj
• National TB Institute at Bangalore was established.
Conti….

• 1963 • Applied Nutrition Programme started. • NICD

established. • National Trachoma control programme
was started. • 1965 • IUCD was introduced • Direct
BCG vaccination programme without tuberculin tests
was introduced.