Allegation

&
Mixture
 Important Terms:
1) Alligation:  Rule of alligation enables us to find the ratio in which two or more ingredients at a given
price must be mixed to produce a resultant mixture of desired price.

2) Mean Price: It is the cost of unit quantity of a mixture.

3) Mixture: Mixture is formed by mixing two or more quantities. It can be expressed in the form of
percentage or ratio.

- 10 % of sugar in water
- A solution of water and sugar is 12 : 20, which means water : sugar = 12 : 20
Alligation Rule
Points to Remember Using the Rule
of Alligation
1. The three values Alligated should always represent the same variable and should have same
units.
2. If two values of cost price and selling price of the mixture are given, then in such cases first
calculate the cost price of the mixture and then Allegate the 3 values of cost price.
3. A and B represent concentration if the numerical is based on mixing of solutions.
In what ratio must wheat A at Rs. 10.50 per kg be mixed with wheat
B at Rs. 12.30 per kg, so that the mixture be worth of Rs. 11 per kg?
a) 13 : 5 b)18 : 3 c) 17 : 5 d) 11 : 5
In what ratio must wheat A at Rs. 10.50 per kg be mixed with
wheat B at Rs. 12.30 per kg, so that the mixture be worth of Rs.
11 per kg?
a) 13 : 5 b)18 : 3 c) 17 : 5 d) 11 : 5

The required ratio = 130 : 50

= 13 : 5
In what ratio must a shopkeeper mix Peas and Soybean of Rs.
16 and Rs. 25 per kg respectively, so as to obtain a mixture of
Rs. 19.50 ?
a) 9 : 5 b) 7 : 5 c) 11 : 7 d) 12 : 8
In what ratio must a shopkeeper mix Peas and Soybean of Rs.
16 and Rs. 25 per kg respectively, so as to obtain a mixture of
Rs. 19.50 ?
a) 9 : 5 b) 7 : 5 c) 11 : 7 d) 12 : 8

The required ratio of Soybean and Peas

= 5.50 : 3.50 = 11 : 7
Two liquids A and B are in the ratio 5 : 1 in container 1 and 1 : 3 in
container 2. In what  ratio should the contents of the two containers be
mixed so as to obtain a mixture of A and B in  the ratio of 1 : 1 ? 
a) 2 : 3 b) 4 : 3  c) 3 : 2  d) 3 : 4  
Two liquids A and B are in the ratio 5 : 1 in container 1 and 1 : 3 in
container 2. In what  ratio should the contents of the two containers be
mixed so as to obtain a mixture of A and B in  the ratio of 1 : 1 ? 
a) 2 : 3 b) 4 : 3  c) 3 : 2  d) 3 : 4  

The required ratio = 3 : 4

 In what ratio must a grocer mix two varieties of tea worth Rs. 45 a kg and
Rs. 55 a kg so that by selling the mixture at Rs. 60 a kg may gain 20 %?
a) 1:1 b) 1:2 c) 1:3 d) 1:4
 In what ratio must a grocer mix two varieties of tea worth Rs. 45 a kg and
Rs. 55 a kg so that by selling the mixture at Rs. 60 a kg may gain 20 %?
a) 1:1 b) 1:2 c) 1:3 d) 1:4

Selling price=120% of Cost Price=60

Cost Price = 60 x 100/120 = 50
Then, Ratio will be 5 : 5 = 1 : 1
A shopkeeper has 100 kg of salt. He sells part of the total quantity A at 7%
profit and the rest B at 17 % profit. If he gains 10 % profit on the whole
quantity, then find how much is sold at 7 % profit?
a) 30 kg b) 35 kg c) 40 kg d) 45 kg
A shopkeeper has 100 kg of salt. He sells part of the total quantity A at 7%
profit and the rest B at 17 % profit. If he gains 10 % profit on the whole
quantity, then find how much is sold at 7 % profit?
a) 30 kg b) 35 kg c) 40 kg d) 45 kg

Then the ratio of A : B = 3 : 7

Quantity A = 100 x 3/10 = 30
The average salary of the entire staff in the office is Rs. 120 per month. The
average salary of officers is Rs. 460 and that of non- officers is Rs. 110. If
the number of officers is 15, then find the number of non-officers in the
office.
a) 610 b) 510 c) 410 d) Can’t be determined
The average salary of the entire staff in the office is Rs. 120 per month. The average
salary of officers is Rs. 460 and that of non- officers is Rs. 110. If the number of
officers is 15, then find the number of non-officers in the office.
a) 610 b) 510 c) 410 d) Can’t be determined

Then the ratio of officers to non-officers will be

10 : 340 = 1 : 34
Number of non – officer = 15 x 34
= 510
 The cost of Type 1 rice is Rs. 20 per kg and Type 2 rice is Rs. 30 per kg. If
both Type 1 and Type 2 are mixed in the ratio of 2:3, then the price per kg of
the mixed variety of rice is :
a) Rs. 24 b) Rs. 26 c) Rs. 25 d) Rs. 27
 The cost of Type 1 rice is Rs. 20 per kg and Type 2 rice is Rs. 30 per kg. If
both Type 1 and Type 2 are mixed in the ratio of 2:3, then the price per kg of
the mixed variety of rice is :
a) Rs. 24 b) Rs. 26 c) Rs. 25 d) Rs. 27

Price of mixed variety = Rs. 26

 General Formula
If a vessel contains A liters of milk and if B litres of milk is withdrawn and replaced by water, and
again if B litres of mixture is withdrawn and replaced by water and this operation is replaced n times
in all, then
10 gallons are drawn from a container full of alcohol and filled with water
again. 10 gallons of mixture are again drawn and the container is filled with
water again. If the ratio of alcohol and water left in the container is 49 : 32,
then find how much quantity does the container hold?
a) 35 gallons b) 45 gallons c) 55 gallons d) 60 gallons
Let initial quantity of alcohol is 'A' .
Ratio of alcohol to total = 49 : (49+32) = 49:81

Solving, we can find the value of A (initial quantity of alcohol) =>A = 45

gallons
 A container contains 30 liters of milk. From this container 5 liter of milk
was taken out and replaced by water. This process was repeated further two
times. How much milk is now contained by the container?
 a) 18.45 liter b) 23.44 liter  c) 17.36 liter
d) 21.87 liter
 A container contains 30 liters of milk. From this container 5 liter of milk
was taken out and replaced by water. This process was repeated further two
times. How much milk is now contained by the container?
 a) 18.45 liter b) 23.44 liter  c) 17.36 liter
d) 21.87 liter

By using the formula

Milk contained by the container now =30(1−5/30​)3 =30(1−1/6)3 =30× 5/6 ​×
5/6 x 5/6 = 625/36 = 17.36 Liter
A container contains 40 litres of milk. From this container 4 litres of milk
was taken out and replaced by water. This process was repeated further two
times. How much milk is now contained by the container?
A container contains 40 litres of milk. From this container 4 litres of milk
was taken out and replaced by water. This process was repeated further two
times. How much milk is now contained by the container?
a) 29.16 b) 30.15 c) 14.25 d) 32

Amount of milk left after 3 operations

40(1-4/40)3 litres = 40 x 9/10 x 9/10 x 9/10 = 29.16 litres.
A milkman mixes 20L of water with 80L of milk. After selling one-fourth of
this mixture, he adds a water to replenish the quantity that he has sold. What is
the current proportion of water  to milk ? 
a) 1:2 b) 2:3 c) 3:4 d)3:5
A milkman mixes 20L of water with 80L of milk. After selling one-fourth of
this mixture, he adds a water to replenish the quantity that he has sold. What is
the current proportion of water  to milk ? 
a) 1:2 b) 2:3 c) 3:4 d)3:5

If one-fourth of mixture is removed means 1/4th of milk of milk and 1/4th of

water will be removed. So remaining will be 3/4th of milk and water.
Quantity of milk after removing 1/4th = ¾ of 80 = 60
Then remaining quantity will water = 100 – 60 = 40
Ratio water to milk = 40/60 = 2/3 = 2:3
What will be the ratio of petrol and kerosene in the final solution formed by
mixing petrol and kerosene that are present in three vessels of equal capacity in
ratios 4 : 1, 5 : 2 and 6 : 1 respectively ?
a) 166 : 22 b) 83 : 22 c) 83 : 44 d) None of these
What will be the ratio of petrol and kerosene in the final solution formed by
mixing petrol and kerosene that are present in three vessels of equal capacity
in ratios 4 : 1, 5 : 2 and 6 : 1 respectively ?
a) 166 : 22 b) 83 : 22 c) 83 : 44 d) None of these

We have to find the ratio of petrol and kerosene in the final mixture,
Quantity of petrol = 4/5 + 5/7 + 6/7 = 83/22
Quantity of kerosene= 1/5+ 2/7+ 1/7 =22/35
Petrol : kerosene = 83:22
Problems &
Solution
In what ratio must a grocer mix two varieties of pulses costing Rs. 15 and
Rs. 20 per kg respectively so as to get a mixture worth Rs. 16 Per kg?
a) 3 : 4 b) 4 : 1 c) 7 : 4 d) 1 : 5
In what ratio must a grocer mix two varieties of pulses costing Rs. 15 and
Rs. 20 per kg respectively so as to get a mixture worth Rs. 16 Per kg?
a) 3 : 4 b) 4 : 1 c) 7 : 4 d) 1 : 5

Then Ratio will be 4:1

In what proportion must rice at Rs. 3.10 per kg be mixed with rice at Rs. 3.60
per kg so that the mixture be worth Rs. 3.25 per kg?
a) 5:3 b) 3:5 c) 3:7 d) 7:3
In what proportion must rice at Rs. 3.10 per kg be mixed with rice at Rs.
3.60 per kg so that the mixture be worth Rs. 3.25 per kg?
a) 5:3 b) 3:5 c) 3:7 d) 7:3

Then Ratio will be 0.35 : 0.15 = 7:3

The ratio, in which tea costing Rs. 192 per kg is to be mixed with tea costing
Rs. 150 per kg so that the mixed tea when sold for Rs. 194.40 per kg, gives
a profit of 20%.
a) 1:2 b) 2:5 c) 3:5 d) 3:7
The ratio, in which tea costing Rs. 192 per kg is to be mixed with tea costing
Rs. 150 per kg so that the mixed tea when sold for Rs. 194.40 per kg, gives
a profit of 20%.
a) 1:2 b) 2:5 c) 3:5 d) 3:7

Selling price=120% of Cost Price = 194.40

Cost Price = 194.40 x 100/120 = 162
Then, Ratio will be 12 : 30 = 2 : 5
Two solutions of 90% and 97% purity are mixed resulting in 21 litres of
mixture of 94% purity. How much is the quantity of the first solution in the
resulting mixture ?
a) 15 litres b) 12 litres c) 9 litres d) 6 litres
Two solutions of 90% and 97% purity are mixed resulting in 21 litres of
mixture of 94% purity. How much is the quantity of the first solution in the
resulting mixture ?
a) 15 litres b) 12 litres c) 9 litres d) 6 litres

Then the ratio will be 3 : 4

Quantity of first solution = 21 x 3/7 = 9
The cost of Type 1 rice is Rs. 15 per kg and Type 2 rice is Rs. 20 per kg. If
both Type 1 and Type 2 are mixed in the ratio of 2 : 3, then the price per kg
of the mixed variety of rice is:
a) Rs.18 b) Rs.10 c) Rs.12 d) Cannot be determined
The cost of Type 1 rice is Rs. 15 per kg and Type 2 rice is Rs. 20 per kg. If
both Type 1 and Type 2 are mixed in the ratio of 2 : 3, then the price per kg
of the mixed variety of rice is:
a) Rs.18 b) Rs.10 c) Rs.12 d) Cannot be determined

Price of mixed variety = Rs. 18

8 litres are drawn from a cask full of wine and is then filled with water. This
operation is performed three more times. The ratio of the quantity of wine
now left in cask to that of the water is 16 : 65. How much wine the cask hold
originally?
a) 18 litres b) 24 litres c) 32 litres d) 42 litres
8 litres are drawn from a cask full of wine and is then filled with
water. This operation is performed three more times. The ratio of the
quantity of wine now left in cask to that of the water is 16 : 65. How
much wine the cask hold originally?
a) 18 litres b) 24 litres c) 32 litres d) 42 litres
Let the quantity of the wine in the cask originally be x litres
 By using formula [(1−8/x)4] = 16/81
  ⇒[1−8/x]4=(2/3)4
 ⇒x=24
In what ratio must water be mixed with milk costing Rs. 12 per litre to obtain
a mixture worth of Rs. 8 per litre?
a) 1: 2 b) 2: 1 c) 2: 3 d) 3: 2 e) none of these
In what ratio must water be mixed with milk costing Rs. 12 per litre to obtain
a mixture worth of Rs. 8 per litre?
a) 1: 2 b) 2: 1 c) 2: 3 d) 3: 2 e) none of these

Then Ratio will be 8 : 4 = 2 : 1

How many kilogram of sugar costing Rs. 9 per kg must be mixed with 27 kg
of sugar costing Rs. 7 per kg so that there may be a gain of 10% by selling
the mixture at Rs. 9.24 per kg?
a) 36 kg b) 42 kg c) 54 kg d) 63 kg
How many kilogram of sugar costing Rs. 9 per kg must be mixed with 27 kg
of sugar costing Rs. 7 per kg so that there may be a gain of 10% by selling
the mixture at Rs. 9.24 per kg?
a) 36 kg b) 42 kg c) 54 kg d) 63 kg

Selling price=110% of Cost Price = 9.24

Cost Price = 9.24 x 100/110 = 8.4
Then, Ratio will be 1.4 : 0.6 = 7 : 3
A man buys 12 litres of liquid which contains 20% of the liquid and the rest
is water. He then mixes it with 10 litres of another mixture with 31% of
liquid. What is the percentage of water in the new mixture?
a) 75% b) 33.33% c) 66% d) 50%
A man buys 12 litres of liquid which contains 20% of the liquid and the rest
is water. He then mixes it with 10 litres of another mixture with 31% of
liquid. What is the percentage of water in the new mixture?
a) 75% b) 33.33% c) 66% d) 50%

31 – x = 6 🡺 x = 25%
Then Quantity of water = 100 – 25
= 75%
10% of a solution of milk and water is removed and then replaced with the
same amount of water. If the resulting ratio of milk and water is 2 : 3, find
the ratio of milk and water in the original solution.
a) 4:9 b) 4:5 c) 5:4 d) 9:4
10% of a solution of milk and water is removed and then replaced with the
same amount of water. If the resulting ratio of milk and water is 2 : 3, find the
ratio of milk and water in the original solution.
a) 4:9 b) 4:5 c) 5:4 d) 9:4

Applying formula:
2/5 = K(1-10/100)
Here 2/5 is the milk concentration.
2/5 = K*9/10
K = 4/9 hence Milk : Water = 4 : 5
A beaker had 20 L of alcohol-glycerol mixture in the ratio 4 : 1 by volume.
In the first round, 4 L of the mixture is removed and replaced with glycerol.
In the second round, 5 L of the resultant solution is removed and replaced
with glycerol. Finally, 10 L of the resultant mixture is removed and replaced
with glycerol. What is the final quantity of glycerol in the mixture.
a) 15% b) 18% c) 24% d) 76%
A beaker had 20 L of alcohol-glycerol mixture in the ratio 4 : 1 by volume. In the first round, 4 L
of the mixture is removed and replaced with glycerol. In the second round, 5 L of the resultant
solution is removed and replaced with glycerol. Finally, 10 L of the resultant mixture is removed
and replaced with glycerol. What is the final quantity of glycerol in the mixture.
a) 15% b) 18% c) 24% d) 76%

Here we are replacing the mixture with glycerol. So we have to take Alcohol
concentrations for IC and FC.
Initial concentration of alcohol is 4/5 = 80%
Final alcohol concentration =80(1-4/20)(1-5/20)(1-10/20)
=80(16/20)(15/20)(10/20) = 24
Glycerol concentration = 100-24=76
In a mixture of 80 L, milk and water are in the ratio 7:3. If 24 L of this
mixture is replaced by 16 L if milk, find the final ratio of milk and
water.
a) 10:7 b) 12:7 c) 23:7 d) 18:7
In a mixture of 80 L, milk and water are in the ratio 7:3. If 24 L of this
mixture is replaced by 16 L if milk, find the final ratio of milk and
water.
a) 10:7
Here, b) 12:7
we are addingc)pure
23:7 d) 18:7
milk.
So we have to put water concentration in the formula.
Final volume of the mixture = 80 - 24 + 16 = 72
Replacement quantity = 16
Applying formula,
Final Concentration = 3/10(1-16/72) = 7/30
Water : Milk = 7 : 23
So Milk and Water after replacement = 23 : 7