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13 Original Colonies
13 Original Colonies
Objectives
• TLW: Identify the 13 original English colonies, when
they were founded, who established them, and why.
• TLW: Complete map activity related to establishment
of 13 colonies.
you?
• What would it be like to start a new
town?
• What kind of obstacles would you face?
• Would you have enough support (money
and friends) to do it?
• Is there something you have ever tried to
start in your life that might be like this?
• These may have been some of the
questions the early settlers asked
themselves when they started.
Colony # 1: Virginia
• Founded in 1607 (Jamestown)
• Captain John Smith is given credit
for starting this colony.
• Many people at this time wanted to
leave their homeland in order to
have more freedoms and to not be
under the strict rule of the kings of
England.
• Southern Colony
Colony # 1: Virginia
A Pocahontas
statue was
erected in
At Jamestown Settlement, replicas of
Christopher Newport's 3 ships are
Jamestown, Virgin
ia
docked in the harbor.
in 1922
Colony
Colony #6: North
Carolina
• Founded in 1663 by
English nobles.
• Charter granted by
Charles II.
• Charleston: main city King Charles II
was named after
Charles II. Became
very important port
city.
• Bad politics forced a
split of the colony into
North and South.
• Southern Colony
Colony #7: South
Carolina
• In 1729 South
Carolina received its
name after a political
dispute and became a
colony.
• Had large plantations
for growing crops and
raising livestock.
• Southern Colony
Colony #8: New York
• Started as New
Netherland, a Dutch
colony in 1609
• James Duke of York was
given it from Charles II.
• The English took over in
1664 and renamed it New
York.
• Middle Colony
(Breadbasket Colony)
•Favorable climate and soil •Tobacco, rice & indigo •Wealthy elite controlled
SOUTHERN for agriculture. grown on large plantations most land.
COLONIES as cash crops. •Labor supply: indentured
•Wide rivers made cities servants & African slaves.
unnecessary. “Plantations” Religion: Anglican
The New England Triangular Trade
1. New Hampshire
2. Massachusetts
3. Rhode Island
4. Connecticut
Life in Colonial England
• Most New Englanders were:
» Farmers
» Trade
» Sailing and by the sea
• New Jersey
• Pennsylvania
• New York
• Delaware
Life in the Middle Colonies
• People lived on large farms far apart from
each other.
• Families home schooled their children.
• The farms produced grains such as corn
and wheat.
• They were known as the “Breadbasket of
America”.
• Beaver fur was common for trade.
The Middle Colonies
• The middle colonies unlike the other colonies had
settlers from all different countries:
» Europe
» Germany
» Holland
» Sweden
• Henry Hudson explored the waterway called the Hudson
River.
• The Dutch built a settlement called New Amsterdam.
• New Amsterdam then became New York when it was
attacked by the English.
• The English also took New Sweden from the Dutch and
called it New Jersey.
The Middle Colonies
CLIMATE
– Moderate in the wintertime, moderately long
for growing crops
GEOGRAPHY
– Hills and flat land
with fertile soil
The Southern Colonies
• Virginia
• North Carolina
• South Carolina
• Georgia
Life in the Southern Colonies
• There were few towns in the southern
colonies, but several times a year families
living on plantations would travel to the
county seat. This was the main town for
each county, or large part of a colony.
• People went to church and traded crops for
goods at the county seat.
• County seats had a courthouse, church,
general store, and a jail
• Plantation owners bought and sold slaves
here.
The Southern Colonies
NATURAL RESOURCES
The Southern Colonies
AGRICULTURE
• Very productive
• CASH CROPS of tobacco and rice.
ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
– Rich soil
– Flat ground
– Longer growing season
• Plantations
– Specialized and large.
Contrast between the North and
South
• List 3 differences between the Northern
and Southern colonies.
– Environment/Geography/Climate
– Agriculture
– Manufacturing