Chapter 1 0 : Types of sentences

GROUP 8
ANGGREK DIANA 1710941031
AIDIL RAMADANA HADSAH 2010947001
MUHAMMAD RAZAN MAZAYA 2010942024 RIFQAH
NURAISY 20109420234
 CLAUS
E
Clauses are basic thing of sentences.
Clause is a group of words that countain
(at least) a subject and a predicate.
There are two types of
clauses.
1. Independent Clause
An independent clause can stand alone as a complete sentence. An independent clause is formed with a subject
and a verb and often a complement.
Ex. We walk to school.
This sentence expresses a complete thought and can stand alone.
We-subject
Walk-predicate-verb
To school-complement
Ex. Water evaporates rapidly in warm climate zones.
2. Dependent Clause
A dependent clause cannot stand alone. Dependent clause by its self is an incomplete sentence. it begins with
subordinator such as when,while, if, that, or who. it is formed with a subordinator , subject and predicate.
Example: ....When Jim studied in the Sweet Shop for his chemistry quiz ….(What happened when he studied?
The thought is incomplete)
Ex. .......when the cake is done baking
.....when the sun rose....
This clause does not express a complete thought and cannot stand alone.
If a dependent clause comes at the beginning of a sentence, it will start with a
dependent marker/clue word and have a comma at the end of it.
Example: Because I was late, I had to run all the way to school.
Dependent clause = Because I was late,
Independent Clause = I had to run all the way to school.
If a dependent clause does not begin the sentence look it blended into the sentence
beginning with a clue word
Example: I must drive to school when I miss the bus.
Independent Clause= I must drive to school
Dependent Clause = when I miss the bus
 4 basics kinds of sentences
in english are:
1. Simple sentece
SENTENCE 2. Compund sentence
A sentence is a group of words that you 3. Complex sentence
use to communicate your ideas. Every 4. Compound-complex sentence
sentence is formed from one or more
clauses and expresses a complete
thought.
1. SIMPLE
SENTENCE
It is the most basic sentence type because it consists of only
one Independent clause.
Ex: Water boils at 100 degrees Celcius.
My father is a doctor.
I will not love you.

2. COMPOUND
SENTENCE
It is a sentence type consisting of two
or more independent clauses connected
by the coordinate conjunction (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so). We know it in
Indonesian with kalimat majemuk setara.
There are three ways to join the clauses:
With coordinator
With conjunctive adverbs
With coordinator
With conjunctive adverbs
Independent clause + conjunctive adverbs + independent
clause.
 With semicolons
The kind of compound sentence with semicolons is
possibly only when the two independent clauses are
closely related in meaning. Ex: poland was the first
eastern european country to turn away from
communism; others soon followed.
 3. COMPLEX
Complex sentence is a sentence type consisting of one independent clause and one or more dependent clauses.
SENTENCE
More important idea in the independent clause and the less important idea in dependent clause
• The boy was caught. He had stolen the bicycle.
These two sentences can be combined into a complex sentence by using the relative pronoun who.
• The boy who had stolen the bicycle was caught

There are 3 kinds of complex sentences :

• Complex sentences with adverb clauses
Acts like an adverb
Begins with a subordinator such as when, while, because, although, if,
so, that
• Complex sentences with adjective clauses
Acts like an adjective
Begins with a relative pronoun such as who, which, whom, whose, that.
Or with a relative adverb such as where, when.
• Complex sentences with noun clauses
Acts like a noun
Begin with where, who, when, why, what, how, that, whether, if.
4. Compound-complex
sentence
Compound complex sentences are simply a combination of compound and
complex sentences. However, the full meaning is, a sentence made up of at least
two independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses.
You can take my laptop or you can take anything that you need, but don’t take
this bag because it belongs to my brother.
My mother was angry with me and she didn’t give me permission to go to the
party which was held in Mella’s house.
I wanted to travel after i graduated from college; however, i had to go to work
immediately
I could not decide where i should work or what i should do, so at first i did
nothing.
Yellow = independent clause
Red = dependent clause
 Summarize four basics kinds
of sentences in english
A simple sentence
compund sentence with coordinator
compund sentence with conjunctive
adverbs
compund sentence with semicolons
complex sentences with adverb
clauses
complex sentences with adjective
clauses
complex sentences with noun clauses She does not agree that grammar is
compound-complex sentence
English grammar is easy.
Grammar is easy, so i learned it
quickly.
Grammar is easy; therefore, i learned
it quickly.
Grammar is easy; i learned it quickly.
Because grammar is easy, i learned it
quickly. I learned grammar quickly
because it is easy.
One of my favorite films is Like water
for Chocolate, which is in spanish.
easy.
Because grammar is easy, i learned it
quickly, but it took me several years
to master writing.
TH AN K
YOU !