Lecture 2

Concurrent Engineering, Collaborative Engineering

 Sequential Engineering
• Sequential engineering also referred, as traditional engineering is
basically a process of engineering designing, marketing, testing and
production in a linear format.
• As its name suggests, steps of process are performed in sequence,
keeping in mind all factors.
• Since it is time taking, sequential engineering is not considered an
ideal engineering production method.
• However, it is still used sometimes, depending upon the situation.
 Disadvantages of Sequential Engineering

1) It is time-consuming and slow process

2) Remains uncertainty in the beginning of the project

3) Changes to be desired on later stage of product development

become difficult and expensive to bring.

4) Customer is able to see the product at the end only.

 Concurrent Engineering
• Concurrent engineering (CE) is a work methodology emphasizing the
parallelization of tasks (i.e. performing tasks concurrently), which is
sometimes called simultaneous engineering or integrated product
development (IPD) using an integrated product team approach.

• It refers to an approach used in product development in which functions of

design engineering, manufacturing engineering, and other functions are
integrated to reduce the time required to bring a new product to market.
 Why Concurrent Engineering?
• Pace of market change has increased
• Companies must keep pace with changing markets
• Decisions made sooner rather than later
• Reduces/eliminates repetition of tasks
• Reduces waste and reworking of design
• Product quicker to market
• Maximises company profit
• Company operates more efficiently.
• Address all issues related to the complete life cycle of the product at the product
design stage - from initial conceptualization, to disposal/scrap of the product.
Examples of Concurrent Engineering
• Lockheed Corporation” recently developed and integrated of
Corporation called “Calfab”.
• This mini-factory uses the automated disposition and the
manufacture and has shortened the time that takes for the design
and the manufacture of metal pieces of leaf as of 52 days to 2 days –
a reduction of the 96 percent.
• Used metal to travel 2500 feet between the several machines and
now travels only 150 feet.
Advantages of concurrent engineering
• It encourages multi-disciplinary collaboration
• Reduces product cycle time
• Reduces cost
• Increases quality by supporting the entire project cycle – enhanced
quality
• Increases productivity by stopping mistakes in their tracks
• It gives you the competitive edge advantage
Disadvantages of concurrent engineering

• Complex to manage
• Relies on everyone working together hence communication is critical
• Room for mistakes are small as it impacts all the departments or
discipline I,e electrical, mechanical or software
 Collaborative Engineering

• Collaborative Engineering is the practical application of collaboration sciences to

the engineering domain.

• Its aim is to enable engineers and engineering companies to work more effectively
with all stakeholders in achieving rational agreements and performing collaborative
actions across various cultural, disciplinary, geographic and temporal boundaries.

• It has been widely applied to product design, manufacturing, construction,

enterprise-level collaboration and supply chain management
 CAD SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
• Computer graphics is concerned with all aspects of producing pictures or
images using a computer.
• The ultimate aim is to represent an imagined world as a computer program.
 Input Devices Display Devices
Keyboard, Digitiser, Tablet CRT , LED
Light Pen, Joystick, Scanner LCD, Plasma

CAD

Out put Devices Processor/Memory

Graphical Printer, 64 bit processor, 3GHz,
Plotter, Photographic
Register
devices