INTEGUMENTARY

SYSTEM

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 LAYOUT
• Anatomy
• Functions
• Layers of skin
• Epidermis
• Dermis
• Nail

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Anatomy of the Skin

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 MAJOR FUNCTIONS
• Barrier against
infection and disease
• Helps regulate
body temperature
• Protection

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 MAJOR FUNCTIONS
• Providing protection against Ultraviolet
radiation from sun
• Producing vitamin D
• Remove waste products from body

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 Layers of Skin

• Epidermis
• Dermis
• Subcutaneous layer
• beneath dermis
• not part of skin

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 SUBCUTANEOUS LAYER
• Hypodermis
• Loose connective tissue
• Adipose tissue
• Major blood vssels
• Insulation

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 EPIDERMIS
• Keratinized
• Thickest on palms & soles
• Melanocytes produce melanin
• Rests on basement membrane
• Stratified squamous epithelium
• Lacks blood vessels

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 Keratin
• Tough fibrous protein forming basic structure
of hair, nails, and calluses
• Eventually, keratin-producing cells
(KERATINOCYTES) die and form a tough,
flexible waterproof covering on surface of skin
• Outer layer of dead cells is shed or washed
away once every 14 to 28 days

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 Epidermis

Layers of Epidermis
• stratum corneum
• stratum lucidum
• stratum granulosum
• stratum spinosum
• stratum basale
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 DERMIS
• On average 1.0-2.0mm thick
• Contains dermal papillae (fingerprints)
• Binds epidermis to underlying tissues
• Irregular dense connective tissue

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 DERMIS
• Muscle cells
• Nerve cell processes
• Specialized sensory receptors
• Hair follicles & glands
• Blood vessels

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 Nails

• protective coverings
• nail plate
• nail bed
• lunula

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